The Eyeball

Question 1

what are the 3 layers of the eyeball?

Answer 1

fibrous
vascular
inner

Question 2

what does the fibrous layer of the eyeball consist of?

Answer 2

sclera
cornea

Question 3

what is the main function of the fibrous layer of the eyeball?

Answer 3

provides shape and support to deeper eye structures

Question 4

what does the sclera provide attachment for?

Answer 4

extraocular muscles

Question 5

where is the cornea positioned?

Answer 5

centrally at front of eye

Question 6

what does the cornea do?

Answer 6

refracts light that enters the eye

Question 7

what does the vascular layer of the eye consist of?

Answer 7

choroid
ciliary body
iris

Question 8

what is the choroid?

Answer 8

layer of connective tissue and blood vessels within vascular layer of eye

Question 9

what is the purpose of the choroid

Answer 9

gives nourishment to the outer layers of retina

Question 10

what is the ciliary body comprised of?

Answer 10

ciliary muscle and ciliary processes

Question 11

what is the role of the ciliary body?

Answer 11

controls the shape of the lens and contributes to the formation of the aqueous humour

Question 12

what is the iris?

Answer 12

circular structure between the lens and cornea that has an aperture in the centre (pupil)

Question 13

+

the diameter of the pupil is altered by what?

Answer 13

smooth muscle fibres in the iris - innervated by autonomic nervous sytem

Question 14

what is the inner eye formed by?

Answer 14

the retina

Question 15

what is the role of the retina?

Answer 15

it is the light detecting component of the eye

Question 16

what are the 2 layers of the retina?

Answer 16

• pigmented outer layer - single cell layer
• neural inner layer - photoreceptors

Question 17

what are photoreceptors?

Answer 17

light detecting cells of the retina

Question 18

where are photoreceptors located in the eye?

Answer 18

posteriorly and laterally

Question 19

what is the non-visual part of the retina?

Answer 19

anterior part, where only the pigmented layer exists

Question 20

what is the optic part of the retina?

Answer 20

posterior and lateral part, where both pigmented and neural layers are present

Question 21

what part of the retina is viewed during opthalmoscopy?

Answer 21

optic

Question 22

macula

Answer 22

centre of the retina

Question 23

the macula contains a depression - what is it called?

Answer 23

fovea centralis - high concentration of light detecting cells

Question 24

what are is responsible for high acuity vision?

Answer 24

the fovea centralis

Question 25

optic disc?

Answer 25

the area that the optic nerve enters the retina

Question 26

does the optic disc contain any light detecting cells?

Answer 26

no

Question 27

what fills the posterior segment of the eyeball?

Answer 27

vitreous body

Question 28

what is the vitre

Answer 28

the transparent gel that filld the posterior segment of the eyeball (posterior to the lens)

Question 29

# ious what fetal remnant is found within the vitreous body?

Answer 29

hyaloid canal

Question 30

# body where does the hylaine disc run?

Answer 30

from the optic disc to the lens

Question 31

what are the 3 main functions of the vitreous body?

Answer 31

* magnifying power

Question 32

where is the lens located?

Answer 32

between vitreous humor and pupil

Question 33

what alters the shape of the lens?

Answer 33

ciliary body

Question 34

what are the two fluid filled chambers of the eye?

Answer 34

anterior and posterior chambers

Question 35

where is the anterior chamber located?

Answer 35

between cornea and iris

Question 36

where is the posterior chamber located?

Answer 36

between the iris and the ciliary processes

Question 37

the two chambers of the eye are filled with what?

Answer 37

aqueous humor

Question 38

what is aqueous humor?

Answer 38

clear, plasma-like fluid that nourishes the eye

Question 39

how is aqueous humor drained?

Answer 39

via trabecular meshwork at the base of the cornea

Question 40

what happens if the drainage of the aqueous humor is obstructed?

Answer 40

glaucoma

Question 41

what is the arterial blood supply to the eyeball?

Answer 41

opthalmic artery

Question 42

what is the most important branch of the opthalmic artery? what does it supply?

Answer 42

central artery of the retina - supplies internal surface of the retina

Question 43

occlusion of the central artery of the retina will result in what?

Answer 43

blindness

Question 44

what is the venous drainage of the eyeball?

Answer 44

superior and inferior opthalmic veins ->> cavernous sinus

Question 45

Label the eye

Answer 45

Question 46

Label the Chambers of the eye

Answer 46

Question 47

Label

Answer 47

Question 48

Label the vascular layers

Answer 48