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Med School Yr 2 > The Eyeball > Flashcards

The Eyeball Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 layers of the eyeball?

A

fibrous
vascular
inner

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2
Q

what does the fibrous layer of the eyeball consist of?

A

sclera
cornea

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3
Q

what is the main function of the fibrous layer of the eyeball?

A

provides shape and support to deeper eye structures

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4
Q

what does the sclera provide attachment for?

A

extraocular muscles

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5
Q

where is the cornea positioned?

A

centrally at front of eye

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6
Q

what does the cornea do?

A

refracts light that enters the eye

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7
Q

what does the vascular layer of the eye consist of?

A

choroid
ciliary body
iris

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8
Q

what is the choroid?

A

layer of connective tissue and blood vessels within vascular layer of eye

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9
Q

what is the purpose of the choroid

A

gives nourishment to the outer layers of retina

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10
Q

what is the ciliary body comprised of?

A

ciliary muscle and ciliary processes

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11
Q

what is the role of the ciliary body?

A

controls the shape of the lens and contributes to the formation of the aqueous humour

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12
Q

what is the iris?

A

circular structure between the lens and cornea that has an aperture in the centre (pupil)

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13
Q

+

the diameter of the pupil is altered by what?

A

smooth muscle fibres in the iris - innervated by autonomic nervous sytem

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14
Q

what is the inner eye formed by?

A

the retina

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15
Q

what is the role of the retina?

A

it is the light detecting component of the eye

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16
Q

what are the 2 layers of the retina?

A
  • pigmented outer layer - single cell layer
  • neural inner layer - photoreceptors
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17
Q

what are photoreceptors?

A

light detecting cells of the retina

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18
Q

where are photoreceptors located in the eye?

A

posteriorly and laterally

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19
Q

what is the non-visual part of the retina?

A

anterior part, where only the pigmented layer exists

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20
Q

what is the optic part of the retina?

A

posterior and lateral part, where both pigmented and neural layers are present

21
Q

what part of the retina is viewed during opthalmoscopy?

A

optic

22
Q

macula

A

centre of the retina

23
Q

the macula contains a depression - what is it called?

A

fovea centralis - high concentration of light detecting cells

24
Q

what are is responsible for high acuity vision?

A

the fovea centralis

25
Q

optic disc?

A

the area that the optic nerve enters the retina

26
Q

does the optic disc contain any light detecting cells?

A

no

27
Q

what fills the posterior segment of the eyeball?

A

vitreous body

28
Q

what is the vitre

A

the transparent gel that filld the posterior segment of the eyeball (posterior to the lens)

29
Q

ious

what fetal remnant is found within the vitreous body?

A

hyaloid canal

30
Q

body

where does the hylaine disc run?

A

from the optic disc to the lens

31
Q

what are the 3 main functions of the vitreous body?

A
  • magnifying power
32
Q

where is the lens located?

A

between vitreous humor and pupil

33
Q

what alters the shape of the lens?

A

ciliary body

34
Q

what are the two fluid filled chambers of the eye?

A

anterior and posterior chambers

35
Q

where is the anterior chamber located?

A

between cornea and iris

36
Q

where is the posterior chamber located?

A

between the iris and the ciliary processes

37
Q

the two chambers of the eye are filled with what?

A

aqueous humor

38
Q

what is aqueous humor?

A

clear, plasma-like fluid that nourishes the eye

39
Q

how is aqueous humor drained?

A

via trabecular meshwork at the base of the cornea

40
Q

what happens if the drainage of the aqueous humor is obstructed?

A

glaucoma

41
Q

what is the arterial blood supply to the eyeball?

A

opthalmic artery

42
Q

what is the most important branch of the opthalmic artery? what does it supply?

A

central artery of the retina - supplies internal surface of the retina

43
Q

occlusion of the central artery of the retina will result in what?

A

blindness

44
Q

what is the venous drainage of the eyeball?

A

superior and inferior opthalmic veins
-» cavernous sinus

45
Q

Label the eye

A
46
Q

Label the Chambers of the eye

A
47
Q

Label

A
48
Q

Label the vascular layers

A

Med School Yr 2 (96 decks)

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