3 - Anatomy of the Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is the annulus of zinn?

A

oval shaped thickening of the periosteum at the orbital apex that enclosed the optic canal and part of the superior orbital fissure

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2
Q

draw a diagram of the anterior view of the rectus insertions

A
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3
Q

what is the primary position of the eyeball?

A

looking straight ahead

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4
Q

what are the secondary positions of the eyeballs?

A

up
down
left
right

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5
Q

what are the tertiary positions of the eyeball?

A

eye directed diagonally

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6
Q

what is pitching of the eye?

A

elevation and depression

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7
Q

what is rolling of the eye?

A

intorsion and extorsion

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8
Q

what is yawing of the eye?

A

abduction and adduction

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9
Q

all recti muscles do what?

A

pull medially

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10
Q

what is the action of the medial and lateral recti?

A

produce rotation around vertical axis - yawing (adducting and abducting respectively)

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11
Q

what is the action of the superior and inferior recti?

A

produce rotation around the transverse axis - pitching (elevation and depression respectively)

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12
Q

when the eye is abducted to 23 degrees, which muscles pull the eye vertically?

A

superior and inferior rectus

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13
Q

when the eye is adducted to 51-55 degrees, which muscles pull the eye vertically?

A

superior and inferior oblique

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14
Q

if the eye cannot abduct there is a problem with what muscle?

A

lateral rectus

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15
Q

if the eye cannot adduct there is a problem with what muscle?

A

medial rectus

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16
Q

what is binocular vision?

A

eyeballs move in the same direction and lines of sight of each eyeball remian parallel

17
Q

supraversion

A

eyes move in parallel upwards

18
Q

infraversion

A

eyes move in parallel downwards

19
Q

dextroversion

A

eyes move in parallel right

20
Q

levoversion

A

eyes move in parallel left

21
Q

what extraocular muscles are innervated by the oculomotor nerve?

A
  • inferior oblique
  • LPS
  • superior rectus
  • medial rectus
  • inferior rectus
22
Q

what extraocular muscle is innervated by the abducens nerve?

A

lateral rectus

23
Q

what extraocular muscle is innervated by the trochlear nerve?

A

superior oblique

24
Q

what is the oculomotor nuclei important for?

A

coordinating eye movement

25
what is the course of the oculomotor nerve?
passes through cavernous sinus and leaves cranial cavity through superior orbital fissure
26
where are the Edinger-Westphal nuclei located?
posterior to the main nuclei
27
what is the role of the edinger-westphal nuclei?
* accomodation reflex * direct and consensual light reflexes
28
the fibres of the oculomotor nerve synapse where?
ciliary ganglion
29
where do the trochlear nerve nuclei originate?
neuronal cell bodies at the border of pons and midbrain
30
where are the trochlear nerve nuclei located?
grey matter surrounding cerebral aqueduct
31
where does the abducens nerve nuclei originate?
neuronal cell bodies beneath the floor of the fourth ventricle
32
what is diplopia?
double vision
33
what does diplopia indicate?
* fatigue * cranial nerve dysfunction * raised intracranial pressure * cerebellar dysfunction * blow-out fractures of the orbit
34
what gives sensory innervation to the CN III, IV, VI (oculomotor, trochlear, abducens)?
proprioception from the eye muscles
35