Cerebral Meninges

Question 1

how many layers of meningers are there/

Answer 1

3

Question 2

what are meninges?

Answer 2

membranous coverings of brain and spinal cord

Question 3

what are the layers of meninges?

Answer 3

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

Question 4

what are two common cerebral pathologies that can occur in the meninges?

Answer 4

• infections - meningitis
• intracranial bleeds

Question 5

what is the outermost layer of meninges?

Answer 5

dura mater

hard mother

Question 6

the dura mater consists of two layered sheets of connective tissue - what are they/

Answer 6

• periosteal layer - lines surface of cranial bones
• meningeal layer - deep to periosteal, continuous with spinal cord

Question 7

what is located between the two layers of the dura mater?

Answer 7

dural venous sinuses

Question 8

the dural sinuses are located where?

Answer 8

between the layers of the dura mater

Question 9

what is the role of the dural venous sinuses?

Answer 9

venous drainage of cranium

Question 11

the dural venous sinuses empty into what?

Answer 11

internal jugular veins

Question 12

what is the blood supply of the dura mater?

Answer 12

middle meningeal artery and vein

Question 13

what is the dura mater innervated by?

Answer 13

trigeminal nerve (V1, V2, V3)

Question 14

the meningeal layer of the dura mater folds inwards to form what?

Answer 14

four dural reflections

Question 15

how many dural reflections are there?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

what is the function of dural reflections?

Answer 16

divides the brain into compartments

Question 17

the potential space between the periosteal layer and meningeal layer of the dura mater is known as?

Answer 17

the subdural space

Question 18

the potential space between the dura mater and the skull is known as?

Answer 18

epidural space

Question 19

what are the four dural reflections?

Answer 19

• falx cerebri
• tentorium cerebelli
• falx cerebelli
• diaphagma sellae

Question 20

what happens if a haematoma occurs in the cranial cavity?

Answer 20

• rapid increase in intracranial pressure
• death if untreated

Question 21

what two types of haematomas involve the dura mater? what is the difference?

Answer 21

• extradural - arterial blood between skull and periosteal layer
• subdural - venous blood between dura and arachnoid mater

Question 22

usually, what is the causative vessel in an extradural haematoma?

Answer 22

middle meningeal artery tearing as a consequence of brain trauma

Question 23

usually, what is the cause of a subdural haematoma?

Answer 23

damaged cerebral veins as they empty into dural venous sinuses

Question 24

what is the middle layer of the meninges?

Answer 24

arachnoid mater

Question 25

what is the vascular supply and innervation of the arachnoid mater?

Answer 25

it is **avascular and does not receive innervation**

Question 26

what is the space underneath the arachnoid mater?

Answer 26

sub-arachnoid space

Question 27

what does the subarachnoid spae contain?

Answer 27

CSF

Question 28

how does CSF re-enter circulation via dural venouses?

Answer 28

arachnoid granulations (small projections of arachnoid mater into the dura)

Question 30

what is located under the sub-arachnoid space?

Answer 30

pia mater

Question 31

which is the only meninges that follows hte contours of the brain?

Answer 31

pia mater

Question 32

is the pia mater vascularised?

Answer 32

yes, highly

Question 33

what does the falc cerebri separate?

Answer 33

right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 34

what does the tentorium cerebelli separate?

Answer 34

occipital lobes from the cerebellum

Question 35

what does the falx cerebelli separate?

Answer 35

right and left cerebellar hemispheres

Question 36

what does the diaphagma sellae cover?

Answer 36

hypophysial fossa of the sphenoid bone and contains opening for stalk of pituitary gland

Question 37

logans drag and drop self test

Question 38

Label the falx cerebri

Answer 38

Question 39

Label the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 39

Question 40

label the falx cerebelli

Answer 40

Question 41

Label the diaphragms sellae

Answer 41

Question 42

label the meninges layers

Answer 42