Cerebral Meninges Flashcards
how many layers of meningers are there/
3
what are meninges?
membranous coverings of brain and spinal cord
what are the layers of meninges?
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
what are two common cerebral pathologies that can occur in the meninges?
- infections - meningitis
- intracranial bleeds
what is the outermost layer of meninges?
dura mater
hard mother
the dura mater consists of two layered sheets of connective tissue - what are they/
- periosteal layer - lines surface of cranial bones
- meningeal layer - deep to periosteal, continuous with spinal cord
what is located between the two layers of the dura mater?
dural venous sinuses
the dural sinuses are located where?
between the layers of the dura mater
what is the role of the dural venous sinuses?
venous drainage of cranium
the dural venous sinuses empty into what?
internal jugular veins
what is the blood supply of the dura mater?
middle meningeal artery and vein
what is the dura mater innervated by?
trigeminal nerve (V1, V2, V3)
the meningeal layer of the dura mater folds inwards to form what?
four dural reflections
how many dural reflections are there?
4
what is the function of dural reflections?
divides the brain into compartments
the potential space between the periosteal layer and meningeal layer of the dura mater is known as?
the subdural space
the potential space between the dura mater and the skull is known as?
epidural space
what are the four dural reflections?
- falx cerebri
- tentorium cerebelli
- falx cerebelli
- diaphagma sellae
what happens if a haematoma occurs in the cranial cavity?
- rapid increase in intracranial pressure
- death if untreated
what two types of haematomas involve the dura mater? what is the difference?
- extradural - arterial blood between skull and periosteal layer
- subdural - venous blood between dura and arachnoid mater
usually, what is the causative vessel in an extradural haematoma?
middle meningeal artery tearing as a consequence of brain trauma
usually, what is the cause of a subdural haematoma?
damaged cerebral veins as they empty into dural venous sinuses
what is the middle layer of the meninges?
arachnoid mater
what is the vascular supply and innervation of the arachnoid mater?
it is avascular and does not receive innervation
what is the space underneath the arachnoid mater?
sub-arachnoid space
what does the subarachnoid spae contain?
CSF
how does CSF re-enter circulation via dural venouses?
arachnoid granulations (small projections of arachnoid mater into the dura)
what is located under the sub-arachnoid space?
pia mater
which is the only meninges that follows hte contours of the brain?
pia mater
is the pia mater vascularised?
yes, highly
what does the falc cerebri separate?
right and left cerebral hemispheres
what does the tentorium cerebelli separate?
occipital lobes from the cerebellum
what does the falx cerebelli separate?
right and left cerebellar hemispheres
what does the diaphagma sellae cover?
hypophysial fossa of the sphenoid bone and contains opening for stalk of pituitary gland
logans drag and drop self test
Label the falx cerebri
Label the tentorium cerebelli
label the falx cerebelli
Label the diaphragms sellae
label the meninges layers
