Skull bones - basic Flashcards
how many bones are in the neurocranium?
8 - 4 paired, 4 unpaired
label the 8 bones of the neurocranium, and label whether they are paired or unpaired:
A - temporal (p)
B - parietal (p)
C - occipital (UP)
D - frontal (UP)
E - ethmoid (UP)
F - sphenoid (UP)
how many bones contribute to the viscerocranium? how many are paired and unpaired?
14 - 6 paired and 2 unaired
label this diagram of the viscerocranium and state whether the bones are paired or unpaired:
which is not pictured on this diagram?
A - mandible (UP)
B - maxilla (P)
C - vomer (UP)
D - inferior nasal concha (P)
E - lacrimal (P)
F - nasal (P)
G - zygomatic (P)
paired parietal bones not pictured
inferior view of skull
Name the bones labelled A – F and
state if they are neurocranial (N) or
viscerocranial (V)
A. Maxilla (V)
B. Palatine (V)
C. Sphenoid (N)
D. Maxilla (V)
E. Temporal (N)
F. Occipital (N)
name the bony landmarks of the frontal bone
A. Glabella
B. Supraorbital notch
C. Superciliary ridge
D. Frontal eminence
E. Zygomatic process of
frontal bone
F. Nasal process of frontal
bone
label the bony landmarks of the sphenoid bone
A. Greater wing
B. Lesser wing
C. Sella turcica
D. Sphenoid sinus (in body)
E. Lateral pterygoid plate
F. Medial pterygoid plate
label the bony landmarks of the ethmoid bone
A. Crista galli
B. Perpendicular plate
C. Cribriform plate
D. Superior nasal concha
E. Inferior nasal concha
F. Ethmoid air cells
occipital bone
Name the foramen labelled A and state what passes
through it
Identify the landmarks labelled B – G
A. Foramen magnum, the spinal
cord passes through it
B. Basiocciput
C. Pharyngeal tubercle
D. Occipital condyle
E. External occipital
protuberance
F. Superior nuchal line
G. External occipital crest
label the bony landmarks of the temporal bone, and name the foramina labelled F + G
A. Squamous part
B. Zygomatic process
C. Petrous part
D. Mastoid process
E. Mandibular fossa
F. External acoustic/auditory meatus
G. Internal acoustic/auditory meatus
label the bony landmarks of the mandible
A. Coronoid process
B. Angle
C. Condyle/head
D. Ramus
E. Body
F. Alveolar process
G. Mylohyoid line
H. Mandibular notch
what nerve passes through the arrow on the mandible bone? what foramen is this?
The mandibular foramen
inferior alveolar dental nerve
name the bony landmarks of the maxilla
A. Frontal process
B. Zygomatic process
C. Orbital surface
D. Alveolar process
E. Maxillary tuberosity
F. Anterior nasal spine
G. Inferior orbital foramen
Name the fossa labelled A, B & C and state the part of the brain that sits in each.
A. Anterior cranial fossa – frontal
lobe
B. Middle cranial fossa – temporal
lobe
C. Posterior cranial fossa -
cerebellum
which two bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?
temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
what are the fibrous joints found in the skull?
sutures
what is the main feature of the sutures of the skull?
they are immovable
at what age do the sutures of the skull fuse completely?
around age 20
what are the 3 main sutures of the adult skull?
- coronal
- sagittal
- lamboid
coronal suture
fuses the frontal bone with the two parietal bones
sagittal suture
fuses both parietal bones to each other
lamboid suture
fuses the occipital bone to the two parietal bones
what are fontanelles?
structues in the skull of neonates that are membranous gaps between the incompletely fused sutures
what are the two major fontanelles
frontal
occipital
frontal fontanelle
fontanelle located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures
occipital fontanelle
fontanelle located at the junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures
pterion
H-shaped junction between the temporal, parietal, frontal and sphenoid bones
fuses the frontal bone with the two parietal bones
coronal suture
fuses both parietal bones to each other
sagittal suture
fuses the occipital bone to the two parietal bones
lamboid suture
fontanelle located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures
frontal fontanelle
fontanelle located at the junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures
occipital fontanelle
Label the sutures and fontanelles
at what age do the fontanelles close?
posterior - 2 months
anterior - 12-18 months
where does the falx cerebri attach on the ethmoid bone?
crista galli`
what are the articulating surfaces in the temporomandibular joint?
- mandibular fossa (squamous part of temporal bone)
- articular tubercle (squamous part of temporal bone)
- head of mandible
what is unique about the mechanism of the TMJ?
- articular surfaces never come into contact with each other
- separated by an articular disk
the presence of the articular disk in the synovial membrane does what?
splits the joint into two synovial joint cavities, each lined with synovial membrane
the articular surface of the bones in the TMJ is lined by what?
fibrocartilage
what three ligaments are associated with the TMJ?
- lateral ligament
- sphenomandibular ligament
- stylomandibular ligament
