Skull bones - basic

Question 1

how many bones are in the neurocranium?

Answer 1

8 - 4 paired, 4 unpaired

Question 2

label the 8 bones of the neurocranium, and label whether they are paired or unpaired:

Answer 2

A - temporal (p)
B - parietal (p)
C - occipital (UP)
D - frontal (UP)
E - ethmoid (UP)
F - sphenoid (UP)

Question 3

how many bones contribute to the viscerocranium? how many are paired and unpaired?

Answer 3

14 - 6 paired and 2 unaired

Question 4

label this diagram of the viscerocranium and state whether the bones are paired or unpaired:

which is not pictured on this diagram?

Answer 4

A - mandible (UP)
B - maxilla (P)
C - vomer (UP)
D - inferior nasal concha (P)
E - lacrimal (P)
F - nasal (P)
G - zygomatic (P)

paired parietal bones not pictured

Question 5

inferior view of skull

Name the bones labelled A – F and
state if they are neurocranial (N) or
viscerocranial (V)

Answer 5

A. Maxilla (V)
B. Palatine (V)
C. Sphenoid (N)
D. Maxilla (V)
E. Temporal (N)
F. Occipital (N)

Question 6

name the bony landmarks of the frontal bone

Answer 6

A. Glabella
B. Supraorbital notch
C. Superciliary ridge
D. Frontal eminence
E. Zygomatic process of
frontal bone
F. Nasal process of frontal
bone

Question 7

label the bony landmarks of the sphenoid bone

Answer 7

A. Greater wing
B. Lesser wing
C. Sella turcica
D. Sphenoid sinus (in body)
E. Lateral pterygoid plate
F. Medial pterygoid plate

Question 8

label the bony landmarks of the ethmoid bone

Answer 8

A. Crista galli
B. Perpendicular plate
C. Cribriform plate
D. Superior nasal concha
E. Inferior nasal concha
F. Ethmoid air cells

Question 9

occipital bone

Name the foramen labelled A and state what passes
through it
Identify the landmarks labelled B – G

Answer 9

A. Foramen magnum, the spinal
cord passes through it
B. Basiocciput
C. Pharyngeal tubercle
D. Occipital condyle
E. External occipital
protuberance
F. Superior nuchal line
G. External occipital crest

Question 10

label the bony landmarks of the temporal bone, and name the foramina labelled F + G

Answer 10

A. Squamous part
B. Zygomatic process
C. Petrous part
D. Mastoid process
E. Mandibular fossa
F. External acoustic/auditory meatus
G. Internal acoustic/auditory meatus

Question 11

label the bony landmarks of the mandible

Answer 11

A. Coronoid process
B. Angle
C. Condyle/head
D. Ramus
E. Body
F. Alveolar process
G. Mylohyoid line
H. Mandibular notch

Question 12

what nerve passes through the arrow on the mandible bone? what foramen is this?

Answer 12

The mandibular foramen
inferior alveolar dental nerve

Question 13

name the bony landmarks of the maxilla

Answer 13

A. Frontal process
B. Zygomatic process
C. Orbital surface
D. Alveolar process
E. Maxillary tuberosity
F. Anterior nasal spine
G. Inferior orbital foramen

Question 14

Name the fossa labelled A, B & C and state the part of the brain that sits in each.

Answer 14

A. Anterior cranial fossa – frontal
lobe
B. Middle cranial fossa – temporal
lobe
C. Posterior cranial fossa -
cerebellum

Question 15

which two bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?

Answer 15

temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Question 16

what are the fibrous joints found in the skull?

Answer 16

sutures

Question 17

what is the main feature of the sutures of the skull?

Answer 17

they are immovable

Question 18

at what age do the sutures of the skull fuse completely?

Answer 18

around age 20

Question 19

what are the 3 main sutures of the adult skull?

Answer 19

• coronal
• sagittal
• lamboid

Question 20

coronal suture

Answer 20

fuses the frontal bone with the two parietal bones

Question 21

sagittal suture

Answer 21

fuses both parietal bones to each other

Question 22

lamboid suture

Answer 22

fuses the occipital bone to the two parietal bones

Question 23

what are fontanelles?

Answer 23

structues in the skull of neonates that are membranous gaps between the incompletely fused sutures

Question 24

what are the two major fontanelles

Answer 24

frontal
occipital

Question 25

frontal fontanelle

Answer 25

fontanelle located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures

Question 26

occipital fontanelle

Answer 26

fontanelle located at the junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures

Question 27

pterion

Answer 27

H-shaped junction between the temporal, parietal, frontal and sphenoid bones

Question 28

fuses the frontal bone with the two parietal bones

Answer 28

coronal suture

Question 29

fuses both parietal bones to each other

Answer 29

sagittal suture

Question 30

fuses the occipital bone to the two parietal bones

Answer 30

lamboid suture

Question 31

fontanelle located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures

Answer 31

frontal fontanelle

Question 32

fontanelle located at the junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures

Answer 32

occipital fontanelle

Question 33

Label the sutures and fontanelles

Answer 33

Question 34

at what age do the fontanelles close?

Answer 34

posterior - 2 months
anterior - 12-18 months

Question 35

where does the falx cerebri attach on the ethmoid bone?

Answer 35

crista galli`

Question 36

what are the articulating surfaces in the temporomandibular joint?

Answer 36

• mandibular fossa (squamous part of temporal bone)
• articular tubercle (squamous part of temporal bone)
• head of mandible

Question 37

what is unique about the mechanism of the TMJ?

Answer 37

• articular surfaces never come into contact with each other
• separated by an articular disk

Question 38

the presence of the articular disk in the synovial membrane does what?

Answer 38

splits the joint into two synovial joint cavities, each lined with synovial membrane

Question 39

the articular surface of the bones in the TMJ is lined by what?

Answer 39

fibrocartilage

Question 40

what three ligaments are associated with the TMJ?

Answer 40

• lateral ligament
• sphenomandibular ligament
• stylomandibular ligament