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Med School Yr 2 > CRASH COURSE - Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

CRASH COURSE - Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the olfactory nerve?

A

smell

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2
Q

what is the function of the optic nerve?

A

sight

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3
Q

what is the function of the oculomotor nerve?

A
  • innervates SR, MR, IR, LPS
  • pupil constriction via PNS
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4
Q

what is the function of the trochlear nerve?

A

innervates SO

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5
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal nerve?

A

sensation to face, diagastric, mylohyoid

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6
Q

what is the function of the abducens nerve?

A

innervates lateral rectus

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7
Q

what is the function of the facial nerve?

A
  • innervates muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid
  • taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • innervates lacrimal/submandibular/sublingual glands via PNS
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8
Q

what is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

hearing and balance

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8
Q

what is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A
  • sensory innervation to pharynx, tonsils, middle ear, posterior 1/3 tongue
  • innervates parotid gland, stylopharyngeus, carotid bodies/sinus
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9
Q

what is the function of the vagus nerve?

A
  • PNS to thoracic and abdominal viscera
  • muscles of palate/pharynx/larynx
  • inflammatory reflex
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10
Q

what is the function of the accessory nerve?

A

innervates sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

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11
Q

what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

intrinsic/extrinsic tongue muscles

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12
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the olfactory nerve?

A

frontal lobe/limbic system

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13
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the optic nerve?

A

visual pathway to occipital lobe

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14
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the trochlear nerve?

A

midbrain - trochlear motor nucleus

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15
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the trigeminal nerve?

A

pons - trigeminal sensory/motor nucleus

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16
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the abducens?

A

pons - abducens nucleus

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17
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the facial nerve?

A

pons - facial motor nucleus, nucleus solitarius, superior salivary nucleus

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18
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

pons - vestibulocochlear nucleus

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19
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

medulla - nucleus ambiguus, nucleus solitarius, inferior salivary nucleus

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20
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the vagus nerve?

A

medulla - nucleus ambiguus, nucleus solitarius, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

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21
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the accessory nerve?

A

medulla and c-spine - nucleus ambiguus, C1-C5

22
Q

what is the location/nuclei for the hypoglossal nerve?

A

medulla - hypoglossal motor nucleus

23
Q

what skull foramina does the olfactory nerve pass through?

A

cribiform plate

24
Q

what skull foramina does the optic nerve pass through?

A

optic canal

25
Q

what skull foramina does the occulomotor nerve pass through?

A

superior orbital fissure

26
Q

what skull foramina does the trochlear nerve pass through?

A

superior orbital fissure

27
Q

what skull foramina does the trigeminal nerve pass through?

A

opthalmic V1 - superior orbital fissure
maxillary V2 - foramen rotundum
mandibular V3 - foramen ovale

28
Q

what skull foramina does the abducens nerve pass through?

A

superior orbital fissure

28
Q

what skull foramina does the facial nerve pass through?

A

internal acoustic meatus

29
Q

what skull foramina does the vestibulocochlear nerve pass through?

A

internal acoustic meatus

30
Q

what skull foramina does the glossopharyngeal nerve pass through?

A

jugular foramen

31
Q

what skull foramina does the vagus nerve pass through?

A

jugular foramen

32
Q

what skull foramina does the accessory nerve pass through?

A

foramen magnum to jugular foramen

33
Q

what skull foramina does the hypoglossal nerve pass through?

A

hypoglossal canal

34
Q

what cranial nerves have contralateral innervation only?

A

hypoglossal CNXII

35
Q

what cranial nerves have bilateral innervation?

A

oculomotor (CNIII)
trochlear (CNIV)
trigeminal (CNV)
abducens (CNVI)
glossopharyngeal (CNIX)
vagus (CNX)
accessory (CNXI)

36
Q

what are the 3 ascending sensory tracts?

A
  • dorsal columns (spinal)
  • spinothalamic (spinal)
  • trigeminothalamic (cranial)
37
Q

what are the 2 descending motor tracts?

A
  • corticospinal (spinal)
  • corticobulbar (cranial)
38
Q

what info does the dorsal column carry?

A

fine touch, two point discrimination, vibration, proprioception

39
Q

how many neurons are in the dorsal column? where are the synapses?

A

1 - dorsal root ganglia and extends through fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus
2 - synapses at nucleus gracilis or cuneatus
3 - synapse in thalamus and go to sensory cortex

40
Q

where does the dorsal column decussate?

A

medulla oblongata

41
Q

signals from the upper limb (T6 and above) travel in what part of the dorsal column?

A

fascisulus cuneatus

42
Q

signals from the lower limb (below T6) travel through which part of the dorsal column?

A

fasciculus gracilis

43
Q

what information does the anterior spinothalamic tract carry?

A

anterior - crude touch and pressure
lateral - pain and temperature

44
Q

how many neurones are there in the spinothalamic tract? where do they synapse?

A

1 - sensory receptors in periphery and synapse in substansia gelatinosa
2 - decussate and synapse in thalamus
3 - thalamus to ipsilateral primary sensory cortex

45
Q

where does the spinothalamic tract decussate?

A

spinal cord

46
Q

what is the role of the corticospinal tract?

A

supplies the musculature of the body

47
Q

what is the role of the corticobulbar tract?

A

supplies the musculature of the head and neck

48
Q

where does the corticospinal tract decussate and synapse?

A

lateral - decussates in medulla and synapses with LMN in ventral horn
anterior - decussates in spinal cord and synapses in ventral hown in cervical and upper thoracic levels

49
Q

where does the corticobulbar tract synapse?

A

from primary motor cortex through internal capsule to brainstem where it synapses with the motor nuclei of the cranial nerves.

50
Q

label this diagram of the trigeminal nuclus

A
51
Q

label the skull foramina and what CN pass through them

A
52
Q

label the cranial nerves

A

Med School Yr 2 (96 decks)

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