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Med School Yr 2 > Muscles of the Foot > Flashcards

Muscles of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two muscles on the dorsal aspect of the foot?

A
  • extensor digitorum brevis
  • extensor hallucis brevis
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2
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A
  • origins - calcaneus
  • inserts - long extensor tendon of medial 4 toes
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3
Q

what are the actions of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

extension of lateal 4 toes

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4
Q

what is the innervation of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

deep fibuar nerve

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5
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the extensor hallucis brevis?

A
  • origins - calcaneus
  • inserts - proximal phalanx of big toe
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6
Q

what are the actions of the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

extension of the great toe

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7
Q

what is the innervation of the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

deep fibular nerve

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8
Q

what muscle is this?

A

extensor digitorum brevis

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9
Q

what muscle is this?

A

extensor hallucis brevis

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10
Q

how many muscles are there in the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

10 intrinsic muscles

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11
Q

how many layers of muscles are there in the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

4

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12
Q

what are the 3 muscles in the first layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

A
  • abductor hallucis
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • flexor digitorum brevis
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13
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the abductor hallucis?

A
  • origins - medial tubercle of calcenus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis
  • inserts - medial base of proximal phalanx of big toe
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14
Q

what are the actions of the abductor hallucis?

A

abduction and flexion of big toe

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15
Q

what is the innervation of the abductor hallucis?

A

medial plantar nerve

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16
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the abductor digiti minimi?

A
  • origins - medial + lateral tubercles of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
  • inserts - lateral base of proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
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17
Q

what are hte actions of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

abduction and flexion of little toe

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18
Q

what is the innervation of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

lateral plantar nerve

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19
Q

what are the origins and insertions of flexor digitorum brevis?

A

origins - medial tubercle of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
inserts - middle phalanges of lateral 4x digits

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20
Q

what are the actions of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

flexion of lateral 4 toes at proximal IP joints

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21
Q

what is the innervation of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

medial plantar nerve

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22
Q

label the muscles in the first layer of the plantar aspect of the foot

23
Q

how many muscles are in the second layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

24
Q

what are the two muscles in the second layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

lumbricals
quadratus plantae

25
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the lumbricals of the foot?

A

origins - tendons of flexor digitorum longus
inserts- extensor hoods of lateral 4 digits

26
Q

what are the actions of the lumbricals?

A

flexion at metatarsophalangeal joints and extension of IP joints

27
Q

what innervates the lumbricals of the foot?

A

medial lumbricals - medial plantar nerve
lateral lumbricals - lateral plantar nerve

28
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the quadratus plantae?

A

origins - medial and lateral plantar surfaces of calcaneus
inserts - tendons of flexor digitorum longus

29
Q

what are the actions of the quadratus plantae?

A

flexion of the 4 lateral toes

29
Q

what innervates the quadratus plantae?

A

lateral plantar nerve

30
Q

label the muscles in the second layer of the plantar aspect of the foot

31
Q

how many muscles are in the third layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

32
Q

what are the 3 muscles in the third layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digiti minimi brevis
adductor hallucis

33
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

origins - lateral - cuboid and lateral cuneiforms - medial - tendon of posterior tibialis

inserts - base of great toe

34
Q

what are the actions of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

flexes toe at MP joint

35
Q

what innervates the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

medial plantar nerve

36
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

origin - base of 5th metatarsal
inserts - base of proximal phalanx

37
Q

what are the actions of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

flexion of little toe at MP joint

38
Q

what innervates the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

lateral plantar nerve

39
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the adductor hallucis?

A

origins -
* oblique head - bases of 2,3,4 metatarsals
* transverse head - plantar ligaments of MP joints

inserts - base of phalanx of big toe

40
Q

what are the actions of the adductor hallucis?

A

adducts the great toe and supports transverse arch

41
Q

what innervates the adductor hallucis?

A

deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

42
Q

label the muscles in the third layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

43
Q

how many muscles are in the fourth layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

4 dorsal interossei
3 plantar interossei

44
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the dorsal interossei?

A

origin - lateral aspects of metatarsals
inserts - proximal phalanges of digits

45
Q

what are the actions of the dorsal interossei?

A

abduction of lateral 4 digits

46
Q

what innervates the dorsal interossei?

A

lateral plantar nerve

47
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the plantar interossei?

A

origins - medial side of metatarsals 3-5
inserts - medial sides of phalanges 3-5

48
Q

what are the actions of the plantar interossei?

A

adducts lateral 3 digits + flexes MP joints

49
Q

what innervates the plantar interossei?

A

lateral plantar nerve

50
Q

label the muscles in the 4th layer of the plantar aspect of the foot

51
Q

how many muscles are in each layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

first - 3
second - 2
third - 3
fourth - 2

52
Q

label these foot movements

Med School Yr 2 (96 decks)

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