Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med School Yr 2 > 5 - Theories of Memory > Flashcards

5 - Theories of Memory Flashcards

1
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

the loss of the ability to craete new memories after the event that caused amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

who was HM?

A
  • pt who suffered from severe seizures
  • had bilateral medial temporal lobectomy - removed hippocampus and amygdala
  • stopped seizures, but unable to form new memories
  • could still develop procedural memory however
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is memory?

A
  • mental capacity to store and later recall or recognise events that were previously experienced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the basic memory processes?

A

encoding - storage - retrieval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 3 ways memory can be encoded?

A

acoustic
visual
semantic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 2 ways memory can be stored?

A

LTM
STM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the 2 ways memory can be retrieved?

A

recall
recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

recall

A

accessing information without cues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

recognition

A

identifying information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

draw the multi-store model of memory

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how long does sensory information last?

A

0.1-0.5 sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does sensory memory hold?

A

accurate and complete representation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

encoding of sensory memory is what?

A

sense-specific - there are different sensory memory stores for the different sensory modalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the duration of STM?

A

seconds - minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what lobes are involved in STM?

A

sensory and parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the capacity of STM?

A

7+/-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the duration of LTM?

A

potentially unlimited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the capacity of LTM?

A

possibly unlimited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is essential for consolidation of LTM?

A
  • hippocampus
  • sleep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the encoding of LTM?

A

mainly semantic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what part of the brain is linked with emotional memories?

A

amygdala

22
Q

what is the working memory model?

A

an elaboration of the idea of STM

23
Q

draw the working memory model

A
23
Q

what is the central executive?

A
  • allocates limited attention resources to other components of WMM
  • cognitive tasks like problem solving
24
Q

what is the phonological loop?

A
  • stores auditory information by silently rehearsing sounds/words in continuous loop
25
Q

what is the articulatory process?

A

continuously rehearsing sounds/words in a loop - silent

26
Q

what is the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

A

stores visual and spatial information

27
Q

what is the episodic buffer?

A
  • links info from all WMM units
  • puts them in chronological order and links to semantic meaning
28
Q

what does the levels of processing model state?

A
  • the depth of processing leads to stronger memories
  • elaborative rehearsal creates more extensive neuronal connections
29
Q

what is superficial processing in the levels of processing model?

A
  • structural processing (Appearing)
  • phonemic processing (sound)
30
Q

what is deep processing in the levels of processing model?

A

semantic processing

31
Q

what are the two main types of LTM?

A

explicit
implicit

32
Q

what are the explicit types of LTM?

A

declaritive - consciously recalled
* episodic
* semantic

33
Q

what is episodic LTM?

A

an event related to you - holiday/first kiss

34
Q

what is semantic LTM?

A

facts/general knowledge

35
Q

what are the implicit types of LTM?

A

non-declarative - knowledge without awareness
* procedural
* priming

36
Q

what is procedural LTM?

A

skills or actions (eg. driving)

37
Q

what is priming with regards to LTM?

A

making associations - eg. bread + butter

38
Q

what was Ebbinghaus’s memory experiment?

A

remembering a list of nonsense syllables - limited the affect of meaningful associations

39
Q

what did Ebbinghaus conclude about memory?

A

recall was better with spaced repetition and active recall

40
Q

what are the two theories of forgetting in STM?

A
  • trace decay
  • displacement
41
Q

what is the trace theory of forgetting?

A
  • forgettng in STM
  • memories leave a trace in the brain
  • fading occurs after 15-30s

impossible to test

42
Q

what is the theory of displacement from STM?

A
  • STM can only hold small info
  • when it is ‘full’ new info displaces old info
43
Q

what are the theories of forgetting in LTM?

A

interference theory

44
Q

what is interference theory?

A
  • memory can be disrupted/interfered with
  • info in LTM may be confused with other info during encoding
45
Q

what are the two theories about childhood amnesia?

A

freud - forgetting occurs due to traumatic events occuring in psychosexual development

more common - brain isn’t developed enough in childhood to recall memories

46
Q

who studied false memories + eye witness testimony?

A

elizabeth loftus

47
Q

what is source confusion?

A

memory of information as being obtained from one source when it was in fact obtained from another

48
Q

what happens to performance if arousal is too high?

A

impaired performance because of strong anxiety

49
Q

draw the arousal performance curve

A
50
Q

how can the arousal performance curve relate to doctor’s advice?

A

memory is poorest at the end of consultation when anxiety is greatest

Med School Yr 2 (96 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions