Gluteal Muscles

Question 1

what is the arterial aupply of the gluteal muscles?

Answer 1

internal iliac branches - superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Question 2

how many muscles are in the superficial gluteal region?

Answer 2

• gluteus maximus
• gluteus medius
• gluteus minimis
• tensor fascia lata

Question 3

what are the origins and insertions of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 3

origin - posterior surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx
inserts - iliotibial tract + greater tuberosity of the femur

Question 4

what are the actions of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 4

main extensor of the thigh

Question 5

what muscle is the main extensor of the thigh?

Answer 5

gluteus maximus

Question 6

what is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 6

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 7

what are the origins and insertions of the gluteus medius?

Answer 7

origin - posterior ilium
insertion - lateral surface of greater trochanter

Question 8

what are the actions of the gluteus medius?

Answer 8

abduction and medial rotation

Question 9

what is the innervation of the gluteus medius?

Answer 9

superior gluteal nerve

Question 10

what is the origins and insertions of the gluteus minimus?

Answer 10

origin - ilium
insertions - tendon inserts on anterior greater trochanter

Question 11

what are the actions of the gluteus minimus?

Answer 11

abduction and medial rotation

Question 12

what is the innervation of the gluteus minimus?

Answer 12

superior gluteal nerve

Question 13

what is the origin and insertions of the tensor fascia lata?

Answer 13

origin - anterior iliac crest (ASIS)
inserts - iliotibial tract which attaches to the lateral condyle of tibia

Question 14

what are the actions of the tensor fascia lata?

Answer 14

• abducts and medially rotates leg
• supports gait cycle

Question 15

what is the innervation of the tensor fascia lata??

Answer 15

superior gluteal nerve

Question 15

what is the trendelenburg sign?

Answer 15

their is a pelvic drop on the side opposite due to damage to the superior gluteal nerve

Question 16

the gluteus medius and minimus abduct and medially rotate the leg. what other important function do they have?

Answer 16

stabilise the pelvis during locomotion by contracting when the contralateral leg is raised

Question 18

label this diagram, focussing specifically on the gluteal muscles

Answer 18

Question 19

label this diagram

Answer 19

Question 20

how many muscles are in the deep gluteal region?

Answer 20

5

Question 21

what are the 5 muscles in the deep gluteal region?

Answer 21

• obturator internis
• piriformis
• superior gemellus
• inferior gemellus
• quadratus femoris

Question 22

what muscles can be collectively referred to as the triceps coxae?

Answer 22

obturator internis + gemelli muscles

Question 23

what are the origins and insertions of the obturator internis?

Answer 23

origins - pubis + ischium
insertions - greater trochanter of femur

Question 24

what is the action of the obturator internis?

Answer 24

lateral rotation and abduction

Question 25

what is the innervation of the obturator internis?

Answer 25

nerve to obturator internis

Question 26

what are the origins and insertions of the piriformis?

Answer 26

origin - anterior sacrum
insertions - greater trochanter

Question 27

what are the actions of the piriformis?

Answer 27

lateral rotation and abduction

Question 28

what is the innervation of the piriformis?

Answer 28

nerve to piriformis

Question 29

what separates the superior gemellus and the inferior gemellus?

Answer 29

obturator internus tendon

Question 30

what are the origins and insertions of the superior and inferior gemellus?

Answer 30

origin
* superior = ischial spine
* inferior = ischial tuberosity

inserts - greater trochanter

Question 31

what are the actions of the superior and inferior gemelli?

Answer 31

lateral rotation and abduction

Question 32

what is the innervation of the superior gemellus?

Answer 32

nerve to obturator internus

Question 33

what is the innervation of the inferior gemellus?

Answer 33

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 34

what are the origins and insertions of the quadratus femoris?

Answer 34

origin - ateral ischal tuberosity
inserts - quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric crest

Question 35

what are the actions of the quadratus femoris?

Answer 35

lateral rotation

Question 36

what is the innervation of the quadratus femoris?

Answer 36

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 37

label thos diagram, focussing on the deep gluteal muscles

Answer 37