Gluteal Muscles Flashcards
what is the arterial aupply of the gluteal muscles?
internal iliac branches - superior and inferior gluteal arteries
how many muscles are in the superficial gluteal region?
- gluteus maximus
- gluteus medius
- gluteus minimis
- tensor fascia lata
what are the origins and insertions of the gluteus maximus?
origin - posterior surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx
inserts - iliotibial tract + greater tuberosity of the femur
what are the actions of the gluteus maximus?
main extensor of the thigh
what muscle is the main extensor of the thigh?
gluteus maximus
what is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?
inferior gluteal nerve
what are the origins and insertions of the gluteus medius?
origin - posterior ilium
insertion - lateral surface of greater trochanter
what are the actions of the gluteus medius?
abduction and medial rotation
what is the innervation of the gluteus medius?
superior gluteal nerve
what is the origins and insertions of the gluteus minimus?
origin - ilium
insertions - tendon inserts on anterior greater trochanter
what are the actions of the gluteus minimus?
abduction and medial rotation
what is the innervation of the gluteus minimus?
superior gluteal nerve
what is the origin and insertions of the tensor fascia lata?
origin - anterior iliac crest (ASIS)
inserts - iliotibial tract which attaches to the lateral condyle of tibia
what are the actions of the tensor fascia lata?
- abducts and medially rotates leg
- supports gait cycle
what is the innervation of the tensor fascia lata??
superior gluteal nerve
what is the trendelenburg sign?
their is a pelvic drop on the side opposite due to damage to the superior gluteal nerve
the gluteus medius and minimus abduct and medially rotate the leg. what other important function do they have?
stabilise the pelvis during locomotion by contracting when the contralateral leg is raised
label this diagram, focussing specifically on the gluteal muscles
label this diagram
how many muscles are in the deep gluteal region?
5
what are the 5 muscles in the deep gluteal region?
- obturator internis
- piriformis
- superior gemellus
- inferior gemellus
- quadratus femoris
what muscles can be collectively referred to as the triceps coxae?
obturator internis + gemelli muscles
what are the origins and insertions of the obturator internis?
origins - pubis + ischium
insertions - greater trochanter of femur
what is the action of the obturator internis?
lateral rotation and abduction
what is the innervation of the obturator internis?
nerve to obturator internis
what are the origins and insertions of the piriformis?
origin - anterior sacrum
insertions - greater trochanter
what are the actions of the piriformis?
lateral rotation and abduction
what is the innervation of the piriformis?
nerve to piriformis
what separates the superior gemellus and the inferior gemellus?
obturator internus tendon
what are the origins and insertions of the superior and inferior gemellus?
origin
* superior = ischial spine
* inferior = ischial tuberosity
inserts - greater trochanter
what are the actions of the superior and inferior gemelli?
lateral rotation and abduction
what is the innervation of the superior gemellus?
nerve to obturator internus
what is the innervation of the inferior gemellus?
nerve to quadratus femoris
what are the origins and insertions of the quadratus femoris?
origin - ateral ischal tuberosity
inserts - quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric crest
what are the actions of the quadratus femoris?
lateral rotation
what is the innervation of the quadratus femoris?
nerve to quadratus femoris
label thos diagram, focussing on the deep gluteal muscles
