Gluteal Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what is the arterial aupply of the gluteal muscles?

A

internal iliac branches - superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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2
Q

how many muscles are in the superficial gluteal region?

A
  • gluteus maximus
  • gluteus medius
  • gluteus minimis
  • tensor fascia lata
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3
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the gluteus maximus?

A

origin - posterior surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx
inserts - iliotibial tract + greater tuberosity of the femur

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4
Q

what are the actions of the gluteus maximus?

A

main extensor of the thigh

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5
Q

what muscle is the main extensor of the thigh?

A

gluteus maximus

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6
Q

what is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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7
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the gluteus medius?

A

origin - posterior ilium
insertion - lateral surface of greater trochanter

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8
Q

what are the actions of the gluteus medius?

A

abduction and medial rotation

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9
Q

what is the innervation of the gluteus medius?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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10
Q

what is the origins and insertions of the gluteus minimus?

A

origin - ilium
insertions - tendon inserts on anterior greater trochanter

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11
Q

what are the actions of the gluteus minimus?

A

abduction and medial rotation

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12
Q

what is the innervation of the gluteus minimus?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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13
Q

what is the origin and insertions of the tensor fascia lata?

A

origin - anterior iliac crest (ASIS)
inserts - iliotibial tract which attaches to the lateral condyle of tibia

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14
Q

what are the actions of the tensor fascia lata?

A
  • abducts and medially rotates leg
  • supports gait cycle
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15
Q

what is the innervation of the tensor fascia lata??

A

superior gluteal nerve

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15
Q

what is the trendelenburg sign?

A

their is a pelvic drop on the side opposite due to damage to the superior gluteal nerve

16
Q

the gluteus medius and minimus abduct and medially rotate the leg. what other important function do they have?

A

stabilise the pelvis during locomotion by contracting when the contralateral leg is raised

18
Q

label this diagram, focussing specifically on the gluteal muscles

19
Q

label this diagram

20
Q

how many muscles are in the deep gluteal region?

21
Q

what are the 5 muscles in the deep gluteal region?

A
  • obturator internis
  • piriformis
  • superior gemellus
  • inferior gemellus
  • quadratus femoris
22
Q

what muscles can be collectively referred to as the triceps coxae?

A

obturator internis + gemelli muscles

23
Q

what are the origins and insertions of the obturator internis?

A

origins - pubis + ischium
insertions - greater trochanter of femur

24
what is the action of the obturator internis?
lateral rotation and abduction
25
what is the innervation of the obturator internis?
nerve to obturator internis
26
what are the origins and insertions of the piriformis?
origin - anterior sacrum insertions - greater trochanter
27
what are the actions of the piriformis?
lateral rotation and abduction
28
what is the innervation of the piriformis?
nerve to piriformis
29
what separates the superior gemellus and the inferior gemellus?
obturator internus tendon
30
what are the origins and insertions of the superior and inferior gemellus?
origin * superior = ischial spine * inferior = ischial tuberosity inserts - greater trochanter
31
what are the actions of the superior and inferior gemelli?
lateral rotation and abduction
32
what is the innervation of the superior gemellus?
nerve to obturator internus
33
what is the innervation of the inferior gemellus?
nerve to quadratus femoris
34
what are the origins and insertions of the quadratus femoris?
origin - ateral ischal tuberosity inserts - quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric crest
35
what are the actions of the quadratus femoris?
lateral rotation
36
what is the innervation of the quadratus femoris?
nerve to quadratus femoris
37
label thos diagram, focussing on the deep gluteal muscles
38