Muscles in the Leg

Question 1

how many muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 1

4 muscles

Question 2

what are the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 2

• tibialis anterior
• extensor digitorum longus
• extensor hallucis longus
• fibularis tertius

Question 3

what are the origins and insertions of the extensor digitorum longus?

Answer 3

• origins - lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula
• inserts - tendon splits into 4 and inserts onto toes

Question 4

what is the action of the extensor digitorum longus?

Answer 4

extension of the 4 toes and dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 5

what is the strongest dorsiflexor of the foot?

Answer 5

tibialis anterior

Question 6

what are the origins and insertions of the tibialis anterior?

Answer 6

• origins - lateral surface of tibia
• inserts - medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

Question 7

what is the action of the tibialis anterior?

Answer 7

dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

Question 8

what are the origins and insertions of the extensor hallucis longus?

Answer 8

• origins - medial surface of fibular shaft
• inserts - base of distal phalanx of the great toe

Question 9

what is the action of the extensor hallucis longus?

Answer 9

extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 10

all muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg are innervated by what?

Answer 10

deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

Question 11

all muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg receive their arterial supply from?

Answer 11

anterior tibial artery

Question 13

what are the origins and insertions of the fibularis tertius?

Answer 13

• origins - extensor digitorum longus
• inserts - 5th metatarsal

Question 14

what are the actions of the fibularis tertius?

Answer 14

eversion and dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 15

what is ‘foot drop’?

Answer 15

• inability to dorsiflex foot at ankle
• usually due to damaged common fibular nerve

Question 16

label the muscles of the anterior leg

Answer 16

Question 17

label this muscle

Answer 17

Question 18

what muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 18

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

Question 19

the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg are innervated by what?

Answer 19

superficial fibular nerve

Question 20

what are the origins and insertions of the fibularis longus?

Answer 20

• origins - superior + lateral fibular and lateral tibial condyle
• inserts - attaches to the medial bones (cuneiform + base of metatarsal I)

Question 21

what are the actions of the fibularis longus?

Answer 21

• eversion + plantar flexion of foot
• supports lateral + transverse arches

Question 22

what are the origins and insertions of teh fibularis brevis?

Answer 22

• origins - inferolateral fibular shaft
• insertions - tubercle on 5th metatarsal

Question 23

what are the actions of the fibularis brevis?

Answer 23

everts the foot

Question 24

label the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 24

Question 25

the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg are all innervated by what nerve?

Answer 25

tibial nerve

Question 26

the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg can be divided into what?

Answer 26

superficial and deep

Question 27

what muscles are in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 27

* gastrocnemius * plantaris * soleus

Question 28

what are the origins and insertions of the gastrocnemius?

Answer 28

* origin - lateral +medial femoral condyle * inserts - converges with soleus to form calcaneal tendon that attaches to calcaneus

Question 29

what are the actions of the gastrocnemius?

Answer 29

plantar flexion at ankle and flexion at knee joint

Question 30

what are the origins and insertions of the plantaris?

Answer 30

* origins - lateral suprcondylar line of femur * inserts - blends with calcaneal tendon and inserts on calcaneus

Question 31

what are the actions of the plantaris?

Answer 31

plantar flexion at ankle joint + flexion at knee

Question 32

what are the origins and insertions of the soleus?

Answer 32

* origin - soleal line of tibia + proximal fibula * inserts - converges with gastrocnemius to form calcenal tendon and attaches to calcaneus

Question 33

what are the actions of the soleus?

Answer 33

plantar flexion of foot at ankle joint

Question 34

blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg is mainly by what?

Answer 34

posterior tibial artery

Question 35

what are the 4 muscles in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 35

* popliteus * tibialis posterior * flexor digitorum longus * flexor hallucis longus

Question 36

what are the origins and insertions of the flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 36

* origins - medial surface of tibia * inserts - plantar surfaces of lateral 4 digits

Question 37

what are the actions of the flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 37

flexion of 4 lateral toes

Question 38

what are the origins and insertions of the popliteus?

Answer 38

* origin - lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus of knee joint * inserts - proximal tibia

Question 39

what are the actions of the popliteus?

Answer 39

laterally rotates femus relative to tibia

Question 40

whata re the origins and insertions of the tibilais posterior?

Answer 40

* origin - posterior surface of tibia and fibula * inserts - plantar surface of medial tarsal bones

Question 41

what are the actions of the tibialis posterior?

Answer 41

* inversion and plantar flexion of foot * contributes to medial arch

Question 42

what are the origins and insertions of the flexor hallucis longus?

Answer 42

* origin - posterior fibula * inserts - plantar surface of phalanx of great toe

Question 43

what are the actions of the flexor hallucis longus?

Answer 43

flexes big toe

Question 44

label the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 44

Question 45

label the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 45