The Skelatal System Flashcards
Osteology def
Study of the bones
Bone is composed of
2/3rds mineral matter and 1/3rd organic matter
Bone shapes
Long
Short
Flat
Sesamoid
Irregular bones
Long bones location and function
Arms and legs
Acts as a lever to raise and lower limbs
Short bones location and function
Areas such as wrist or elbow
Provide support and stability with little or no movement
Flat bones location and function
Skull, scapula, and sternum
Create a protective shell
Sesamoid location and function
Commonly found in the tendons of the hands, knees, and feet
Protect tendons from stress and wear
Irregular bones location and function
Vertebral and pelvis
Protect nervous tissue and internal organs
Function of the bones
Shape and support
Protection
Framework for muscle attachment
Blood cell and platelet formation
Mineral and fat storage
Shape and support (function) def
Size and organization of bones dictate the underlying shape of the body
Protection (function) def
Bones around vital, fragile organs serve to protect them from trauma
Framework for muscle attachment (function) def
Muscles attach to the bones
Blood cell and platelet formation (function) def
Red bone marrow produces life-critical red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Mineral and fat storage (function) def
Bone stores calcium and phosphorus; body can easily access; yellow bone marrow stores fat
The body is composed of how many bones
206
Tendons def
Connect muscle to bones
Ligaments def
Connect bones to other bones
Joint
Point at which two or more bones are joined
How many bones make up the cranium and how many of them are affected a scalp massage
8
6 are affected, the other two form the eye sockets
Name the 6 cranial bones that are affected a scalp massage
Frontal
Two parietal
Occipital
Two temporal
How many facial bones are there and of them, how many are involved in a facial massage
14, but 9 are involved
Name the 9 facial bones that are involved in a facial massage
Mandible
Two maxillae
Two nasal
Two zygomatic or malar
Two lacrimal
How many neck bones are there
8
Name the neck bones
Cervical vertebrae
Hyoid
How many back, chest, and shoulder bones are there
16
Name the bones of the back, chest, and shoulder
Thoracic vertebrae
Sternum
Ribs
Clavicle
Scapula
Frontal bone description
extends form the top of the eyes to the top of the head to form the forehead
Parietal bone description
two bones that form the crown and upper sides of the head
Occipital bone description
forms the back of the skill, indenting above the nape area
Temporal bones description
Two bones located on either side of the head, directly above the ears and below the parietal bones
Mandible bone description
lower jaw; largest and strongest
Maxillae bones description
two bones of upper jaw
Nasal bones description
two bones that join to form the bridge of the nose
Zygomatic to malar bones description
Two bones that form the upper check and the bottom of the eye socket; most fragile
Lacrimal bones description
smallest two bones of the facial skeleton; form the front part of the inner-bottom wall of eye socket
Cervical vertebrae bones description
7 bones that form the top part of the spinal column; often lightly massaged during facial treatment
Hyoid bone description
U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue; supports muscles of the tongue
Thoracic vertebrae description
form the central region of the spine
Sternum bone description
long, narrow, flat plate that forms the center of the front of the chest
Ribs bones description
number of curved bones = 12 pairs (24)
Clavicle bone description
collarbone; two long, flat bones that run across the front of the shoulder to link the sternum to the humerus
Scapula bone description
shoulder blade; large, flat bone, extending upward from middle of back, on right and left side, to joint, where it attaches to clavicle
Arm, wrist, and hand bones
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Humerus bone description
Largest bone of the upper arm; extends from the elbow to the shoulder
Radius bone description
Small, long bone on the thumb side of lower arm or forearm
Ulna bone description
Small, long bone on finger side of the lower arm
Carpal bones description and how many are there
Small bones held together by ligaments to form the wrist or carpus
8
Metacarpal bones description and how many are there
Long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand
5
Phalanges bones description and how many are there
Bones that form the fingers
14; each finger has 3 and the thumb has 2
Leg, ankle, and foot bones
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Talus
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Femur bone description
Thigh bone; longest bone in body
Patella bone description
Knee cap; sits over the front of the knee joint
Tibia bone description
Also called “shine-bone”; extends from the knee to the ankle
Fibula bone description
Outer and narrower of the two lower leg bones; extends from the knee to the ankle
Talus bone description
Ankle bone; forms the lower part of the ankle
Tarsal bones description and how many are there
Bones that make up the mid-foot and rear foot
7; includes talus, calcaneus, navicular, 3 cuneiform bones, and cuboid
Metatarsal bones description and how many are there
Long, slender bones
5; connect the phalanges to the tarsals
Phalanges description and how many are there
Form the digits (toes)
14
Phalanges description and how many are there
Form the digits (toes)
14
