Skin Health Flashcards
Factors that impact skin health
Genetics
Lifestyle
Medical issues
Aging is a ______ and it affects _____ and impacts what
Aging is a natural process and affects metabolism and impacts how the body functions (and skin’s appearance)
Two categories of aging
Extrinsic aging
Intrinsic aging
Extrinsic aging def
External environment; air pollution, smoking, sun exposure, and poor nutrition
Intrinsic aging def
Inevitable physiological; dry skin, wrinkles, gradual dermal atrophy
Photoaging caused by and is estimated what percent of aging
Caused by cumulative UV exposure
Estimated 80% of facial aging
UV light damage effects
Damages elastin and collagen fibers over time; causes the skin to age, stretch, and lose resilience
Smoking effects
Increases wrinkling and discoloration; reduces blood flow
Causes elastosis
Elastosis def
degeneration of elastic fibers and connective tissue leading to loss of elasticity
Chronic alcohol overuse can make what worse
Color, tone, + existing skin conditions (like rosacea) worse
Chronic alcohol causes what and increases what
Causes dehydration in the body
Increases vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) (can lower blood pressure)
Both smoking and alcohol intake can affect
Vitamin levels (vitamin c); blood circulation, compromising general health of skin; potentially increases rate of aging
Pollution effects
Cumulative effects of pollution particles can cause long-term oxidative damage to skin and body
Air pollutants include
Polycyclic hydrocarbons
Volatile organic compounds
Ozone + particulate matter
Skin w/out aging factors
Smooth texture, some sagging and moderate wrinkles, but no photoaging signs
Hormones affects
Metabolisms, cardiovascular health, bone, brain function, sleep, growth, reproduction, + immunities
3 sex hormones
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
Hormone changes cause
Biochemical reactions that produce skin changes like dryness, increased discoloration, + inflammation
Hormone replacement therapy is used to
Treat hormonal imbalances
Phytoestrogens are what and should not be used as what
Plant molecules that mimic estrogen in the body and should not be used as an HRT replacement w/o health practitioners assessment
3 major forms of estrogen and descriptions
E1- estrone; found in women after menopause; weak form; can be converted to estradiol
E2- estradiol; produced by ovaries; strongest form
E3- estriol; produced during pregnancy; cannot be converted to estradiol
Thyroid stimulation hormone description
Produced by pituitary gland; regulates metabolism, body temp, central nervous system, and cellular health
Stress, sleep, climate, + diet can effect
An imbalance can directly affect skin appearance regardless of age
Stress description
Chemical response in body that is mediated by hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands; can lead to disease
During stressful periods, the body can also produce ______ which affects _____
Cortisol; affects oil production, triggering breakouts
Stress can affect
Skin and pigmentation disorders, wound healing, acne, hair loss, and make existing conditions like eczema and psoriasis worse
Circadian rhythms directly impact
Skin cell renewal and repair (24 hour internal clock)
Sleep deprivation shows up in skin as
Discoloration and edema around eyes, poor texture and color, + erythema in some skin tones (redness)
Biological effects of poor sleep
Cognitive impairment (poor judgment, coordination, depression, learning impairment)
Hormone disruption
Immune system dysfunction
Metabolic disruption (weight gain + diabetes)
Slow skin cell renewal + repair (results in dull skin)
Increased skin discoloration
Colder climates do what to the skin
Dry out skin, may result in tightness, redness, and rough texture
Hot and dry climates skin affects
Chronic dehydration and inflammation
Heat + humidity in warm climates skin affects
Skin sweat resulting in breakouts and/or heat rashes
Excess weight loss + gain affects
Skin elasticity and firmness
Extreme weight loss affects
Loss of skin tine, crepiness (strange), and wrinkles
Obesity is linked to skin problems like
Dermatitis , stretch marks, and friction irritation
Vitamin A description
Protects against UV damage and slows signs of aging
Vitamin B complex description
Contains biotin; forms basis of skin, hair, and nail cells
Vitamin C description
Helps collagen production; reduces wrinkles, and improves skin texture
Vitamin E description
Reduces appearance of scars and dry skin
Vitamin K description
Can help fade discoloration (dark circles and bruises)
Elements of proper skin care
Good home-care regimen
Well-balanced diet
Adequate water intake
Limited exposure to the sun
Regular exercise
Sufficient rest
Professional skin care treatments and products
Daily skin care regimen (2x daily; morning + night)
Double cleanse
Tone (depending on skin care line)
Serum (treat)
Moisturize
Protect (SPF)
Toning purpose
Brings skin to its normal pH
Clay masks are good for
Oily + acne-prone skin
How many time should you exfoliate in a week
1-2 depending on skin type and conditions
____ skin needs moisturizing as much as ____ skin
Oily
Dry
Proper moisturizing can _____ _____ appearance
Reduce oily appearance (better balance of oil and moisture in skin)
Benefits of eye cream
Reduction in puffiness and dark circles
Active ingredients to improve signs of aging
protect (SPF) benefit
Shielding the skin from damaging effects of environment (sun pollution) (UVA and UVB rays)
Clients should know what 3 things about SPF
Sunscreen should coincide with hours of daylight (regardless of cloud coverage)
UVA rays can penetrate windows, windshields, clothing, and clouds
Can help to reduce premature aging and prevent skin cancer
