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Esthe > Hair Theory > Flashcards

Hair Theory Flashcards

1
Q

Trichology def

A

Study of hair

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2
Q

Main purposes of hair

A

Adornment
Protection from heat, cold, and injury
Sensory perception

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3
Q

Hair is derived from the ______

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

Three segments of the hair follicle

A

Bulb
Isthmus
Infundibulum

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5
Q

Bulb segment, parts, and description

A

Lower segment

Dermal papilla
Root sheath
Germinal matrix

Extends from base of follicle to insertion of arrector pili muscle

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6
Q

Isthmus segment, parts, and description

A

Middle segment

Arrector pili muscle
Glands

Extends from insertion of arrector pili muscle to entrance of sebaceous gland duct

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7
Q

Infundibulum segment, parts, and description

A

Upper segment

Hair strand (hair shaft)

Extends from the entrance of sebaceous gland duct to opening of the follicle; filled with sebum

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8
Q

Dermal papilla def

A

A mass of loose connective tissue located at base of the hair follicle

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9
Q

Germinal matrix cells def

A

Tiny capillaries (small blood vessels) that supply nourishment to the cells around it

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10
Q

Root sheath def

A

Inner and outer portions that help form growing hair

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11
Q

Outer root sheath description and contains?

A

Continuation of the basale layer
Surrounds the inner root sheath
Remains static
Serves as storage for stem cells

Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells

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12
Q

Inner root sheath description

A

Structure in the lower part of the hair follicle
Surrounds and protects growing hair
Helps hair take a shape

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13
Q

Three layers of the inner root sheath with defs

A

Henie’s layer - outermost layer of inner root sheath; single layer of cube-like cells with clear, flattened nuclei

Huxley’s layer - between cuticle and Henie’s layer; contains 1-2 layers of flattened epithelial cells

Cuticle layer - lies in the center; forms channel for growing hair; anchors hair in place

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14
Q

Vellus hair def

A

Peach fuzz

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15
Q

Capilli hair def

A

Hair on scalp (cap-calp)

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16
Q

Barba hair def

A

Beard hair (think barber)

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17
Q

Cilia hair def

A

Eyelashes

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18
Q

Supercillia hair def

A

Eyebrows

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19
Q

lanugo hair def

A

Hair at birth

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20
Q

Terminal hair def

A

Dark, coarse hair

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21
Q

Which stage is the 1st and longest stage of hair growth

A

Anagen; active stage

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22
Q

Which is the 2nd and shortest stage of hair growth

A

Catagen; transition stage

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23
Q

What is the 3rd stage of hair growth and what is it called/known as

A

Telegen; resting stage

24
Q

What is the name of the area of cells around the dermal papilla

A

Germinal matrix

25
Q

Arrector pili muscle def

A

Isthmus or middle segment of the follicle

26
Q

Arrector pili muscle description

A

Extends from cells in the dermis to attach to the follicle just below the sebaceous gland and causes hair to stand up on end when a person is scared or cold

27
Q

Hair root def

A

Portion of hair inside the hair follicle under the skin’s surface

28
Q

Hair strand def

A

Portion of hair that extends above the skins surface

29
Q

Keratinization def

A

Process where cells change their shape, dry out, and form keratin protein; once keratinized, cells that form the hair strand are no longer alive

30
Q

3 parts of the hair strand

A

Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

31
Q

Medulla def

A

Central core of the hair strand; also called the pith or marrow; often absent in fine or very fine hair

32
Q

Cortex def

A

Second layer, consists of unique protein structures; gives hair pigment and strength/flexibility

33
Q

Cuticle def

A

Outer covering of the hair strand; made up of overlapping layers of transparent scales

34
Q

Stratum basal layer “steps” (5)

A
  1. In fetal life, the hair follicle forms from a cluster of cells in the upper layer of skin
  2. The cluster of cells is called the “primitive hair germ”; it needs nourishment to grow into a fully developed hair follicle
  3. To get nourishment, the primitive hair germ works its way down into the lower (dermal) layer
  4. As the primitive hair germ works its way down, the cell cluster pulls the upper layer down with it creating a follicle
  5. At the base of the hair follicle is a large structure called the “papilla” which supplies nourishment to the hair bulb
35
Q

Shapes of a follicle

A

Round
Oval
Elliptical

36
Q

The shape of the follicle will determine the shape of the _______as it grows from the follicle

A

Hair strand

37
Q

A round follicle will make what hairstrand shape

A

Straight hair

38
Q

An oval follicle will create what hairstrand shape

A

Wavy or curly hair

39
Q

Elliptical follicle will create what hairstrand shape

A

Tightly curled hair

40
Q

Anagen stage description

A

Active or growing stage
Each hair bulb has attached to a root sheath
On average, 90% of hair is in this stage (scalp lasts 2-6 years in anagen)
Hair color is darker

41
Q

Catagen stage description

A

Brief transitional period when all cell division stops
Shortest of the hair growth cycle
Dermal papilla breaks away; lower end of the hair comes loose from the base of the follicle

42
Q

Telogen stage description

A

Resting stage
Hair bulb has no attached root sheath
Hair falls out
On average, 10-15% of hair is in this stage

43
Q

2 factors that affect hair growth

A

Hirsutism
Hypertrichosis

44
Q

Hirsutism possible cause and def

A

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and Cushing syndrome

Excessive amounts of terminal hair found in women in areas of the body where men usually get hair: face (above the upper lip and on the chin), back, abdomen, and chest
Can affect both men and women

45
Q

Hypertrichosis possible cause and def

A

Ambras syndrome

Abnormal coverage of hair on areas of the body where normally only lanugo or baby-fine hair appears

46
Q

The average rate of human hair growth

A

1/2” (1.25cm) per month

47
Q

Eyebrow and eyelash hair is replaced how often

A

4–5 months

48
Q

Melanin is found mainly in the ______

A

Cortex; the hairstrand’s second layer

49
Q

The natural coloring process

A

Melanocytes produce melanosomes, which contain the pigment melanin

50
Q

Melanin def

A

Produced my melanocytes- cells that exist among the dividing cells within the hair bulb

51
Q

Melanocytes def

A

rest near the hair bulb’s nourishment center, the dermal papilla, and form bundles of a pigment protein complex called melanosomes

52
Q

Two types of melanin

A

Eumelanin - brown/black
Pheomelanin - red/yellow

53
Q

What influences the resulting hair color

A

The amount, size, and distribution of one or both of the melanin types

54
Q

If the amount of pheomelanin is very concentrated and near the cuticle layer, the hair color will appear more _____

A

Red

55
Q

Lighter hair has melanin only in the

A

Cortex

56
Q

Gray hair is caused by

A

Reduced color pigment (melanin) in the cortex kayaker of the hair

Esthe (38 decks)

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