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Esthe > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Matter is

A

Anything that occupies space and has weight

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2
Q

Chemistry def

A

The scientific study of matter and the physical and chemical changes of matter

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3
Q

Organic chemistry def

A

All matter that is now living or was alive at one time with carbon present

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4
Q

Inorganic chemistry def

A

All matter that is not alive, has never been alive and does not contain carbon (rocks, water, and minerals)

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5
Q

Matter exists in 3 forms

A

Solid (matter that has definite weight, volume, and shape (skin))

Liquid (matter with definite weight and volume but no definite shape (lotions))

Gas matter with definite weight but indefinite volume and shape (oxygen))

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6
Q

Physical change def with examples

A

A change in the physical characteristics of a substance without creating a new substance

Melting ice/freezing water
Crushing a can
Mixing sand and water
Breaking glass
Shredding paper

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7
Q

Chemical change def with examples

A

A change in a substance that creates a new substance with chemical characteristics different from the original

Iron changing to rust (oxidation)
Electrical facials sebum changes into soap (saponification)

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8
Q

All matter consists of ______ which make up ______

A

Atoms
Elements

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9
Q

Elements def and how many are there

A

Basic pure substances that can’t be broken down into simplex substances

118

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10
Q

Atom def

A

Smallest complete unit of an element

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11
Q

3 main parts of an atom

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

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12
Q

Protons def

A

Have a positive electrical charge and the number of them identifies the type of atom

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13
Q

Neutrons

A

Have no electrical charge, they are neutral; found in the nucleus of every atom, except for simple hydrogen

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14
Q

Electrons def

A

Have a negative electrical charge; under certain circumstances, they make it possible for atoms to unite with other atoms to form bonds

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15
Q

The atomic number indicates

A

How many protons are in a single atom of a particular element

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16
Q

Stable atoms def

A

When the outer shell is not missing any electrons

17
Q

Unstable atoms def and description

A

Outer shell is missing electrons

They seek other atoms with which they can share electrons to complete their outer shell
When they combine, they make more complex units (molecules)

18
Q

Molecules def

A

Two or more atoms joined together by a chemical bond

19
Q

Element vs compound

A

Element = atoms are the same (O2)
Compound = atoms are different (H2O)

20
Q

Compound def

A

Two or more different atoms combined together

21
Q

Chemical compound def

A

Chemically unwitting two different elements
They have their own unique chemical and physical characteristics

22
Q

Physical mixture def

A

Two or more different substances are mixed but not combined chemically

23
Q

What is the most abundant element in the earths crust and second most abundant element in earths atmosphere

A

Oxygen

24
Q

What is the most abundant element in the universe

A

Hydrogen

25
Q

What takes place any time a chemical reaction occurs

A

Oxidation-reduction reactions

26
Q

Oxidation def

A

Substance loses an electron and oxygen is acquired

27
Q

Reduction def

A

Substance gains an electron and oxygen is released

28
Q

Three major biochemical compound groups in the body

A

Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids

29
Q
  1. Proteins def
  2. What join in chains to form proteins
A

Help the body construct and renew itself

Amino acids

30
Q

What is a bond uniting two amino acid groups

A

Peptide bond

31
Q

Carbohydrates def

A

Used by the body to store energy and plays a key role in metabolism

Contains a combination of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen arranged in a chain

32
Q

Saccharide def

A

Simple unit of a carbohydrate

33
Q

Monosaccharide def

A

A single saccharide

34
Q

Disaccharide def

A

Two saccharides linked together

35
Q

Polysaccharides def

A

Many saccharides linked together

36
Q

Lipids def and examples

A

Components that full the intercellular spaces in the skin; intercellular cement
Made up of hydrogen and oxygen

Ex: triglycerides, fats, and steroids

Esthe (38 decks)

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