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Esthe > Electrivity In Esthetics > Flashcards

Electrivity In Esthetics Flashcards

1
Q

Thermal effect def and description

A

Produces heat or warmth
Friction generated from rubbing hands together creates a thermal or heating effect
Mild heat relaxes muscles and increases blood circulation
Intense heat destroys cells and tissue

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2
Q

Pyrolysis def

A

Thermal breakdown of the skin; evident when a blister forms on burned skin

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3
Q

Three ways heat can be transferred form one object to another

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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4
Q

Conduction def

A

Transfer of heat via direct contact

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5
Q

Convection def

A

Transfer of heat via liquid or gas

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6
Q

Radiation def

A

Transfer of heat through a vacuum (empty space)

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7
Q

Effects of a steamer on skin

A

Moist heat increases desquamation
Activates enzymes used for exfoliation
Loosens trapped debris
Increases vasodilation of capillaries
Transferred by convection

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8
Q

Effects of the Lucas Spray Pulverizer on skin

A

Increases hydration by delivering herbal ingredients and moist heat
Increases vasodilation of capillaries
Transferred by convection

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9
Q

Effects of electric mask/heated mitts and booties on skin

A

Hydrate by enhancing product absorption
Increase vasodilation
Relax muscles
Transferred by conduction

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10
Q

Effects of high frequency on skin

A

Disinfection
Increase microcirculation
Transferred by conduction

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11
Q

Mechanical or magnetic effect

A

Transfer of mechanical energy flows from the motor to the attachment

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12
Q

Thermal devices

A

Steamer
Lucas spray pulverizer
Electric mask/heated mitts and booties
High frequency

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13
Q

Mechanical devices

A

Rotating brush
Vacuum spray
Microdermabrasion

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14
Q

Effects of rotating brush on skin

A

Loosens trapped debris
Exfoliates skin
Increases vasodilation of capillaries
Energy drives brush head

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15
Q

Effects of vacuum spray on skin

A

Balances pH by delivering toner to the skin
Loosens trapped debris Increases microcirculation
Energy drives motor to create airflow or vacuum
Attachments determine vacuum or spray action

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16
Q

Effects of microdermabrasion on skin

A

Exfoliates skin
Increases microcirculation
Energy drives motor to create airflow or vacuum
Attachments determine vacuum or spray action

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17
Q

Electrochemical effect def

A

Created when electric current travels through a solid electrode and liquid conductor

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18
Q

Electrochemical devices

A

Galvanic device
Microcurrent

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19
Q

Effects of a galvanic device on skin

A

Deep cleansing
Stimulation of microcirculation
Soothing and tissue tightening
Enhances product absorption
Reduction of erythema
Direct current uses active electrodes to deliver negative or positive charge; results based on charge

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20
Q

Anaphoresis def and charge

A

Desincrustation
Negative pole

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21
Q

Cataphoresis def and charge

A

Iontophoresis
Positive pole

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22
Q

Effects of microcurrent on skin

A

Tissue tightening
Stimulation of microcirculation and muscle motor points
Enhances product absorption
Soothes nerve endings
Direct current (modified) delivered with two electrodes
Movements performed with electrodes help determine results

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23
Q

Combination effect def

A

Achieved when two or more effects of electric energy are produced at the same time

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24
Q

Combination effect devices

A

Ultrasonic spatula
Multi-function machine

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25
Q

Ultrasonic spatula description

A

Aids in exfoliation (mechanical) while generating heat to increase microcirculation (thermal)

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26
Q

Multi-function machine description

A

Features a combination of different electrical units (steamer, brush, vacuum spray, and high frequency)

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27
Q

Electrotherapy def

A

Use of electricity for therapeutic purposes

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28
Q

Typical physical therapy results

A

Reduction in pain and edema (swelling)
Muscle and nerve stimulation

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29
Q

Esthetics electrotherapy devices improve the skin’s appearance by

A

Stimulation
Product application enhancement
Deep cleansing

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30
Q

Electrotherapy currents

A

Direct current
Alternating current
Pulse and frequency

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31
Q

3 types of direct current

A

Galvanic
Faradic
Pulsed direct current Alternating current

32
Q

Galvanic def

A

Uninterrupted direct current; polarity varies
Used in galvanic devices and microcurrent devices

33
Q

Faradic def

A

Interrupted direct current; visibly stimulates muscles
Used in electrical muscle stimulation devices (EMS)

34
Q

Pulsed direct current def

A

Direct current with one polarity; varying intensities and waveforms
Used to stimulate muscles and in some microcurrent devices

35
Q

Types of alternating current

A

Sinusoidal
High frequency

36
Q

Sinusoidal def

A

Alternating current with sine waveforms and low frequency (<50 Hz)
Used in electrical muscle stimulation (EMS)

37
Q

High frequency def

A

Alternating current with HF (<200,000 Hz)
Used in high frequency devices

38
Q

Pulse def

A

Length of time that current is flowing
Used in conjunction with waveforms and frequency
Used in microcurrent and EMS

39
Q

Frequency def

A

Number of electrical pulses delivered to the body in one second
Measured in kilohertz (kHz)

40
Q

Phototherapy def

A

Light therapy
Produces beneficial effects on the skin

41
Q

Electromagnetic radiation def

A

Energy in the form of waves or particles of electric and magnetic fields

42
Q

The effects of light are dependent on

A

The device
Absorption in the skin
Wavelength

43
Q

Photothermal def

A

Prolonged heating of tissues with light to cause ablation (removal or death of the tissue)

44
Q

Ablation def

A

Removal or death of the tissue

45
Q

Selective photothermolysis def

A

Selective heating and destruction within the tissue of chromophores (target_

46
Q

Example of a photothermal device

A

IPL hair removal devices

47
Q

Photochemical def and example

A

Reaction with light and molecules in the body that cause a chemical change or cellular stimulation

Formation of vitamin D within the skin

48
Q

Photo-bio stimulation (photochemical reaction) def and ex

A

Relates to the use of a low-heat device to stimulate cellular processes

LED light therapy

49
Q

Photomechanical def

A

Short pulses of light and heat break up target molecules

50
Q

Light-tissue interaction def

A

Helps explain how light effects the body

51
Q

light-tissue interaction on the skin happens as

A

Scattering
Reflection
Transmission
Absorption

52
Q

Scattering def

A

Photons hit the surface and are scattered; depth of light penetration is limited

53
Q

Reflection def

A

Photons hit the surface and bounce back

54
Q

Transmission def

A

Photons penetrate the surface; skin color impacts the transmission

55
Q

Absorption def

A

Photos are absorbed by chromophores in tissue; this generates heat or stimulates cellular processes

56
Q

Concerns for photosensitivity

A

Medications
Disease
Topical products that can cause the skin to be more sensitive to light

57
Q

Electromagnetic radiation def

A

Waves of electrons

58
Q

Waves are measured from

A

The crest of one wave to the crest of another

59
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum def

A

Range of all wavelengths produced by radiant energy

60
Q

The shorter the wavelength, the ______ _______ the wave is carrying

A

More energy

61
Q

10% of natural sunlight is composed of ________ rays beyond ______ (________ ____)

A

10% of natural sunlight is composed of invisible rays beyond violet (ultraviolet UV)

62
Q

UV is responsible for

A

DNA damage and skin damage

63
Q

White light def

A

Combination light

64
Q

Types of combination light

A

Fluorescent
Incandescent
LED

65
Q

Fluorescent light description

A

Economical and long-lasting light source
Can create “blue” tones or “cool” casts on the objects it lights, or on the same objects, warm/neutral casts
Can be irritating to some people

66
Q

Incandescent light description

A

Produces redder tones or a warmer cast
Comes from an incandescent light bulb (not LED)
More expensive to operate and replace than fluorescent; creates closest substitute for natural sunlight
Can create excessive heat

67
Q

LED light description

A

Available in neutral, cool, or warm casts
Come to full brightness with no need to warm up
Are close to being adopted as the mainstream light source

68
Q

Esthetic professionals use invisible light to produce

A

Photothermal and photochemical effects

69
Q

Types of invisible light

A

Infrared (IR)
Ultraviolet (UV)

70
Q

Infrared light description and cautions

A

Increases circulation
Increases skin gland secretions
Relaxes muscles
Stimulates cell and tissue activity
Exposure times range from 5-15 min

Light should be placed ~30” away from face or body
Client is required to wear eye pads or protective eye forms

71
Q

Ultraviolet light description and caution

A

Has a shorter wavelength and can be more damaging that IR light
Has positive and negative effects on the skin depending on exposure time
Small doses of UV light helps the body produce vitamin D
UV light is germicidal and can kill bacteria

Overexposure can result in skin cancer, dry or leathery skin, peeling, itching, wrinkling, sagging, and permanent discoloration

72
Q

UVC wavelength description

A

Shortest length
Absorbed by the ozone

73
Q

UVB wavelength description

A

“You will burn”

Shorter rays
Stimulates melanin production
Known as the burning rays

74
Q

UVA wavelength description

A

“You will age”

Longest UV ray
Destroys collagen and elastin fibers
Known as the aging rays

75
Q

Factors to consider with UV rays

A

Altitude
Latitude
Time of year
Time of day

Esthe (38 decks)

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