the psychology of addiction Flashcards
Addiction
chronic condition involving repeated powerful motivation to engage in a rewarding behaviour , acquired as results of engaging in that behaviour
what is addiction according to DSM-5?
refers to substance-related and addictive behaviours under which substance
what is one DSM-5 non substance related disorders?
gambling disorder
what is the relationship between addiction and mental health?
it can be a 2 way process:
mental health issues can lead to addiction and addiction can lead to mental health issues
what is a substance can impact mental health?
cannabis
what is short term impacts of addiction ?
-relaxation
-happy
-paranoid
what is the risk of psychosis -from frequent to long term use e.g. when using alcohol?
impair judgement can lead to health risk behaviours
what 2 substances can lead to psychosis?
1.Amphetamine 2.methamphetamine
what can substances such as Amphetamine and methamphetamine effect people in the short term?
makes people wide awake and alert
what can substances such as Amphetamine and methamphetamine effect people in the long term?
make people anxious
what 2 ways do people go through stigma of addiction?
1.blame: people get blamed for substance use
2.adhered modal:other people may get labeled for having a lack of morals as they are going through substance use
what are the 2 modals of addiction which are non-judgemental ?
1.self medication modal
2.prime theory
what is the self medication modal?
people engage in addictive behaviours to relieve dysphoria or change an uncomfortable emotional state
what are the 4 dangers of self-medication
1.developing addiction
2.incorrect diagnosis
3.dosage
4.cardiovascular problems
what 2 types of motivation does Prime theory include?
1.reflective motivation
2.automatic motivation
reflective motivation
involving deliberate decisions to behave in a particular way) , they are actively thinking about their behaviour
automatic motivation
involving emotional, habitual and instinctive processes. There is not thought there.
what is the transtheorical
modal ?
known as stages of change modal
what are the 5 stages of transtheorical modal(stages of change modal)?
1.precontemplation
2.contemplation
3.preparation
4.action
5.maintenance
precontemplation
they are not thinking about their behaviour and risk they are unaware of their problematic behaviour
Contemplation
people are intended to start healthy behaviour
Preparation
people are ready to take action within the 30 days and they believe that change of behaviour can have positive outcome
Action
people recently changed their behaviour and intend to keep moving forward
Maintenance
people have sustained behaviour change for a while and maintain the behaviour change going forward- people prevent relapse in the stage.
what does the transtheroical modal(stages of change modal) allow people to do?
allow us to understand when to intervene
what is 2 ways to cease an addiction?
1.motivational interviewing
2.transtheorical modal
what is motivation interviewing ?
goal directed approach that uses guided interviews-tried to tap to inner motivations to change behaviour
what are the 5 thing the motivational interviewer aim to do?
1.Express empathy
2.Develop discrepancy
3.Avoid argumentation
4.Roll with resistance
5.Support self-efficacy
what is combined with the transtherical modal to track progress on what stage of addiction the individual is at ?
Motivational interview
how can Sociocultural perspectives help detect what stage an individual is at for addiction?
social support-based intervention programme take into account social justice needs
what are 2 ways to handle an addiction?
1.social support
2.therpeutic communities
Therapeutic communities
another type of social support
-alcohol anonymous and other 12 step programmes are self-help groups
