stress and anxiety Flashcards
what are the feelings , stress, anxiety and fear?
survival mechanism by which we can respond to threats, or potential threats.
what is the key brain region involved in fear behaviours and of learnt responses to stressors?
amygdala
Which region of the temporal lobe contains the amygdala?
located within the uncus, on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe
what are the regions divided into from the amygdala which are in the central nervous system?
1.centrolateral
2. centromedial
role of centromedial nucleus ?
controls the outflow of activity to the regions controlling behavioural responses to stressors
Which nucleus is the main region for input and integration of information about stressful situations
Lateral
Which region of the brain is thought to set the thresholds of emotional state? And where is it located?
The insula
situated behind the folds of the lateral fissure and spans the frontal to parietal lobe regions.
cingulate gyrus
strip of cortex lying above the corpus callosum that connects left and right hemisphere.
Activity from the amygdala activates the HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) axis in response to stressors. Can you remember which 2 hormones the adrenal gland produces in response to stress?
1.noradrenaline- from the adrenal medulla.
2.steroid, cortisol-from the adrenal cortex
what do noradrenaline and stored, cortisol act to increase?
metabolism enabling a rapid escape from dangerous situations.
where does the hypothalamic axes HPA start and go to?
hypothalamus progressing to the pituitary then to the adrenal gland
where does the hypothalamic axes HPG start and go to?
hypothalamus progressing to the pituitary then to the testes/ovaries
where does the hypothalamic axes HPT start and go to?
hypothalamus progressing to the pituitary then to the thyroid.
what 4 groups show chronic stress and anxiety have on the body?
1.Affective - altering moods
2.Behavioural
3.Cognitive
4.Physiological
What type of plasticity increases the strength of response to stimuli
long term potentiation-leads to an increase in synaptic strength