study drugs

Question 1

what are study drugs called ?

Answer 1

nootropics

Question 2

what are the 3 commonly used “smart drugs”?

Answer 2

1.Ritalin
2.Modafinil
3.Adderall

Question 3

What prescribed usage for medication does Ritalin ?

Answer 3

-attention deficit
-hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)

Question 4

what mode of action does Ritalin have , what does do for cognition

Answer 4

DA, NA, 5HT
increased alertness and focus

Question 5

what are the 4 side effects and problems of Ritalin?

Answer 5

-agitation
-appetite
-poor sleep
-addiction

Question 6

What is prescribed usage for modafinil?

Answer 6

-Narcolepsy
-Shift work sleep disorder

Question 7

what is the mode of action of modafinil and what does it do for cognition?

Answer 7

-DA
-NA
-Histamine
-GABA
-increased concentration, focus, motivation and stamina

Question 8

what effects are there modafinil?

Answer 8

-appetite
-urination
-poor sleep
-divergant creativity and rash

Question 9

what is the prescribed usage for Adderall?

Answer 9

-attention deficit
-hyperactivity disorder
-narcolepsy

Question 10

what mode of action does adderall have and what does it do for cognition?

Answer 10

DA
NA
5HT
increased alertness and focus

Question 11

what are the side effects of adderall?

Answer 11

-bladder problems
-lower back/pain
-cardiovascular problems
-behavioural/psychological problems

Question 12

what 3 transmitters are involved in studying?

Answer 12

1.dopamine
2.serotonin
3.noradrenaline

Question 13

What effect of learning is there on Dopamine?

Answer 13

salience(choosing what to focus on), reward, motivation

Question 14

what drug is affects dopamine?

Answer 14

Methylphenidate

Question 15

what 3 things on serotonin effect learning?

Answer 15

-mood
-altertness
-sleep

Question 16

what drug effects serotonin ?

Answer 16

methylphenidate

Question 17

what 3 things does noradrenaline?

Answer 17

1.mood
2. alertness
3.attention

Question 18

what drug affects noradrenaline?

Answer 18

methylphenidate

Question 19

what affects on learning does glutamate have ?

Answer 19

excitatory neurotransmitter

Question 20

what drug affects glutamate?

Answer 20

modafinil

Question 21

what impacts does dopamine have on the brain?

Question 22

what does increased dopamine ?

Answer 22

release increases attention and reward

Question 23

what 2 things does stimulants include?

Answer 23

1.cocaine
2.amphetamine

Question 24

what is cocaine?

Answer 24

a class A drug, that acts by preventing the reuptake of monoamine neurotransmitters via the monoamine transporter (MAT).

Question 25

what properties does cocaine have?

Answer 25

indirect sympathomimetic properties.

Question 26

what syndrome does cocaine include?

Answer 26

dependency syndrome.

Question 27

what is the functions of amphetamines ?

Answer 27

act to increase feelings of arousal and energy

Question 28

what are amphetamines ?

Answer 28

increasing monoamine concentration in the synaptic cleft.

Question 29

what do amphetamines act on?

Answer 29

VMAT (vesicular monoamine transporter) which carries the monoamines into the vesicles for release

Question 30

what does modafanil do?

Answer 30

stimulants to increase dopamine levels

Question 31

what are the 3 main mechanisms of modafanil?

Answer 31

1.Reverse MAT 2.Block VMAT 3.Inhibit MAO

Question 32

how does the limbic system work in learning?

Answer 32

Learning Memory Emotion Perception Attention

Question 33

how does frontal cortex work in learning?

Answer 33

Concentration Curiosity Focus Motivation Memory Planning Awareness

Question 34

what are Association areas?

Answer 34

Integration Attention

Question 35

what does triggering the reward pathway lead to ?

Answer 35

results in a positive experience- it focuses on the positive aspect of the experience

Question 36

what does the reward pathway lead to ?

Answer 36

seeking of similar experiences to obtain further positive feelings.

Question 37

what class are the 2 drugs Ritalin((methylphenidate) and Adderall((amphetamine + dextroamphetamine) in?

Answer 37

class b

Question 38

what is modafinil licensed for?

Answer 38

narcolepsy and is prescription only -illegal to buy without prescription -not illegal to buy

Question 39

Caffeine( methylxanthin)

Answer 39

-addictive in nature -associated with withdrawal symptoms

Question 40

what are the 3 mechanisms of action of caffeine?

Answer 40

Antagonism of A2A adenosine receptors Increasing monoamine transmission Increasing intracellular calcium release

Question 41

how can these appraoches help aid learning and exam performance?

Answer 41

Motivation (good mood) Good sleep hygiene Breathwork Regular exercise Caffeine (in moderation) Organisation (have a plan!) Focus Team working Testing High (but realistic) expectations

Question 42

what are natural nootropics classed as ?

Answer 42

food supplements