Test 4: dental part 2 Flashcards
4 goals of periodontal therapy
remove plaque
remove calculus
remove endotoxins
remove diseased gingival tissue
why use dental mirror
- visualization
- retraction
- illumination
what are periodontal probes used for
measure sulcus depth
evaluate gums for bleeding
measure lesions
ID root morphology
aids in determining treatment
why use expolorers
- detect supra and subgingival calculus
- detect tooth abnormalities
- caries lesion
- detect decalcification and carious lesions
why use sickle scalers and curettes
- scaling
- root planning
- debridement of soft tissue lining the pocket
parts of a hand instrument
Handle
Shank
- connects working end (AKA-blade) with handle
- allows adaption of working end to tooth surface
Blade
- carries function of instrument
where is the cutting edge of hand instrument
where face and lateral surface meet
functional shank vs terminal shank
functional
- allows working end adapt to tooth surface
- gives length
terminal
- extends between blade to first bend
- instrument positioning (parallel)
sickle vs curet tip shape
sickle: above gums only
curet: can go subgingival
sickle scalers are — shaped and are used for —
- two cutting edges into a pointed tip
- cross section is triangular
- curved or straight
used to remove primarily supragingival calculus
curettes scalers are used to remove — and are shaped —
used for subgingival scaling, root planing, and removal of soft tissue lining in the pockets
- cross section half circle
- 2 types: universal and area-specific
- rounded end
universal vs area specific curette scalers
universal ⟂ to lower shank, can use either cutting edge
area specific at 70° angle, only use lower edge to clean
what part of working end of scaler should you use
leading 1/3
tip should be touching the tooth
how to use curvette subgingival
- insert subgingival face-tooth angulation is 0-40 degree
- removal of calculus open
angulation to create face-tooth angle between 45-90 degrees
3 type of strokes while using curette
Assessment (Exploratory)
- evaluate tooth surface
- no pressure
Calculus Removal work stroke
- removal of calculus
- moderate-firm pressure against tooth
Root Debridement work stroke
- AKA: soothing or finishing stroke
- removal residual calculus, bacterial plaque, and by-products from root surface
- light pressure
what is scaling
Initial procedure of periodontal therapy. Instrumenting removal of calculus and plaque removal below and above the gumline using power scalers and hand instruments.
what is root planing
Removal of irregularities and thin layer of superficial cementum- loaded with bacterial toxins- that will inhibit healing if left in place
what is gingival curettage
Directing a perioperative instrument against the gingival wall of periodontal pocket in order to remove ulcerated epithelium covering the sulcus in conjunction with root planing or within a separate procedure.
how to do gingival curettage
- place fingertip on gingival tissue for support during instrumentation
- working end of curette is to face gingival tissue
- insert curette into gingival tissue and pull upwards
Curettage DOES NOT eliminate cause of inflammation, always completed with scaling and root planning
