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23 spring: med surg > Test 4: 62-63 oral > Flashcards

Test 4: 62-63 oral Flashcards

1
Q

stage 1 periodontal dz

A

only gingivitis

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2
Q

stage 2 periodontal dz

A

< 25% attachment loss, furcation I

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3
Q

stage 3 periodontal disease

A

25-50% attachment loss, furcation II

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4
Q

stage 4 periodontal disease

A

↑50% attachment loss, furcation III

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5
Q

what is furaction

A

loss of bone between the roots

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6
Q

tooth resporption in cats is caused by

A

Condition, commonly affecting cats, that cause destruction of the teeth and may cause replacement by osteoid
* Unknown cause
* Possible involvement of excessive vitamin D

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7
Q

type 1 tooth resorption

A

inflammatory resorption

  • periodontal ligament still present
  • Treatment: extraction

cats

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8
Q

type 2 tooth resorption

A

replacement resorption

periodontal ligament disappear and tooth become part of the turnover of the bone

Treatment: extraction or crown amputation and root retention

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9
Q
A

type 1 tooth resorption in cats

Type I: inflammatory resorption
* periodontal ligament still present
Treatment: extraction

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10
Q
A

type 2 tooth resorption

Treatment: extraction or crown amputation and root retention

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11
Q

endodontic disease effects — and is caused by –

A

dental pulp

trauma and inflammtion →pulpitis → pulp necrosis

can reverse inflammation but once it reached necrosis it is irreversible

pink →purple →darkbrown

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12
Q

how to treat endodontic diseas

A

pulpitis → pulp necrosis

Treatment: vital pulp therapy or root canal therapy

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13
Q

xray of pulp necrosis will look

A

wide pulp cavity
and periapical lucency

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14
Q

complicated tooth fracture

A

pulp affected

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15
Q

uncomplicated tooth fracture

A

pulp not affected/exposed

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16
Q

how to treat tooth fracture

A

Treatment:
– extraction
– endodontic treatment (root canal treatment or vital pulp therapy) if tooth is a good candidate (enough structure, function, good periodontal tissues)

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17
Q

tooth luxation vs avulsion

A

luxation- out of place but still in socket

avulsion- out of socket

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18
Q

how to treat evulsion or luxation

A

extraction and closure of the wound or replantation, stabilization and root canal treatment

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19
Q

what can cause tooth abrasion

A

constant wear- toys, bars ect

  • Repetitive trauma can cause also pulpitis
  • Exposure of the dentin and the dentinal tubules can cause irritation of the pulp
  • If wear of the tooth is too quick, it can cause pulp exposure
20
Q

attrition is caused by

A

malocclusion

tooth to tooth contact
Dentin responds with tertiary dentin production and deposition:
– Brown smooth surface

21
Q

unerupted teeth can lead to

A

dentigerous cysts (30-50%)

  • Fluid filled cavity limited by epithelium
  • Bone resorption and atrophy due to expansion of the cyst

Treatment: extraction of affected tooth and complete debridement of the epithelial lining.

22
Q

radicular cyst

A
  • Cysts of odontogenic origin
  • Caused by proliferation of epithelial cells (rests of
    Malassez) around the periapical area
  • Teeth with pulpitis or pulp necrosis
  • Cyst removal, marsupialization of the cyst and extraction of the tooth.

around erupted tooth- different from dentigerous cysts

23
Q

class 1 malocclusion

A

Dental malocclusion (Class I)
– Abnormal position of teeth in the dental arch but normal relationship between the maxilla and mandible

tooth in wrong position

24
Q

class 2 malocclusion

A

mandibular distocclusion

Abnormal jaw development- mandible shorter then maxilla

25
Q

class 3 malocclusion

A

mandibular mesiocclusion

Abnormal jaw development- mandible longer then maxilla

26
Q

class 4 malocclusion

A

asymmetric malocclusion

27
Q

what causes gingival hyperplasia

A
  • proliferation of the connective tissue of the gingiva
  • Brachycephalic dogs (familiar)
  • Inflammation (periodontal disease)
  • Drugs:
    – Anticonvulsants (phenytoin)
    – Cyclosporin
    – Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine, diltiazem)

Treatment: gingivectomy and gingivoplasty

28
Q

feline chronic stomatitis causes

A
  • Inflammation of the oral mucosa (beyond the mucogingival junction) due to
    dysregulation of the immune system
  • Can be proliferative in the oropharynx
29
Q

treatment for feline chronic stomatitis

A
  • Professional dental cleaning
  • Extractions (selective/full mouth extractions
  • Glucocorticoids, cyclosporine, pain medication
  • Stem cells (study)

inflammation from immune system problem

30
Q

what causes canine ulcerative stomatitis

A
  • Inflammation of the oral mucosa in dogs
  • T-cell mediated (periodontitis is B-cell mediated)
  • Extremely painful
31
Q

treatment for canine ulcerative stomatitis

A

can progress to necrosis and osteomyelitis

Treatment:
* Professional dental cleaning, extractions
* Oral home care
* Antiinflammatory drugs
* Cyclosporine and metronidazole

32
Q

causes of stomatitis

A

– Uremia
– Electric cord injury
– Contact with chemicals
– Drug reactions -cyclosporins
– Chronic ulcerative stomatitis

33
Q

eosinophilic granulomas occur where in dogs and cats

A

Dogs:
– palate and tongue (small dogs)
– lips (large breed dogs)

Cats
– ulcer in the lip
– masses (lips, tongue)

Can cause palate defects

34
Q

what direction is TMJ luxations in cats normally

A

rostrodorsal luxation
* Mandible shifts towards the opposite side of the luxation and rostrally
* Inability to close completely the mouth due to tooth to tooth contact

  • Treatment: Close reduction as soon as possible with a
    hexagonal wooden pencil between the ipsilateral carnassial teeth
35
Q

what causes open mouth jaw locking

A

certain breeds basset, persian

↑ laxity on TMJ or symphysis that causes displacement of the coronoid process laterally when the pet opens the mouth

36
Q

how to treat open mouth jaw locking

A

unlock (temporary) and coronoidectomy/zygomectomy

37
Q

intaarticular TMJ ankylosis

A

fusion of condylar process and mandibular fossa

true ankylosis

Fibrous/bony union between mandible and temporal bone or zygomatic arch, or maxilla that
causes inability to open the mouth

38
Q

extraarticular TMJ ankylosis

A

false ankylosis: fusion of coronoid/zyg arch or other areas but the joint itself is not involved.

  • Fibrous/bony union between mandible and temporal bone or zygomatic arch, or maxilla that
    causes inability to open the mouth
39
Q

craniomandibular osteopathy

A

Developmental disease during the growing period that
causes periosteal proliferation in mandibles, tympanic bulla, occipital crest

  • Westie
  • Can be very painful and cause respiratory obstruction
  • Treatment: Pain medication, anti-inflammatory drugs.
  • can be self limiting in several weeks
40
Q

masticatory muscle myositis

A
  • Autoimmune
  • starts as inflammatory then muscle is atrophied
  • masseter, temporalis and pterygoid muscles
  • Diagnosis: 2M antibody titer and muscle biopsy (IHC)
  • Treatment: immunosuppression
41
Q

Calcinosis circumscripta

A

deposits of mineralized tissue

german shepherd, rotti, labs

  • most lesions were well-defined single or multiple variably sized aggregates of amorphous to granular, lightly to darkly basophilic material with or without peripheral granulomatous reaction and surrounded by varying amounts of fibrous connective tissue
42
Q

sialoceles

A

Accumulation of saliva in the submucosal or subcutenous tissue due to rupture of the gland or rupture of the duct (usually gland)

43
Q

odontogenic tumors come from

A

peripheral odontogenic fibroma, acanthomatous ameloblastoma (and others)

44
Q

peripheral odonotgenic fibroma

A

usually solitary firm mass

bone of tooth normal

45
Q

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma

A

benign, friable, red, can displace teeth

46
Q

primary vs secondary cleft palate

A

primary- hard palate and soft palate effected

secondary: only soft

23 spring: med surg (60 decks)

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