Test 4: 60 dental part 1 Flashcards
what is the periodontium made of
periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone and gingiva
Process by which hard and soft deposits are removed from the supragingival and subgingival surfaces of the teeth, including the disruption of bacterial cell walls of non-adherent plaque.
periodontal debridement
what is the goal for periodontal debridement
Arrest local infection and return periodontal tissue to health by eliminating deposits on the tooth and reducing the bacteria within periodontal space without intentional removal of cementum.
what is furcation
area in between teeth
3 physiologic effect of plaque removal with the water lavage scalers
- acoustic microstreaming
- acoustic turbulence
- cavitation
unidirectional flow of water caused by the ultrasonic waves.
acoustic microstreaming
pressure produced in a confined space such as
periodontal pocket by fluid stream in a swirling flow of the vibrating instrument tip.
Acoustic Turbulence
This disrupts plaque and destroys subgingival pathogens
tiny bubbles in the mist collapse, creating energy that
destroy bacteria by tearing the bacteria cell walls.
cavitation
sonic power scalers are powered by — and rotates in a — pattern at — CPS
air (turbine) driven by compressor
orbital (circular) pattern
2000-8000 cycles per second (CPS)
what are some downfalls of sonic scalers
slow 2000-8000 CPS
loud
does not remove staining as well
piezoelectric ultrasonic moves in — pattern at — CPS
linear (back and forth)
25,000-50,000 CPS
down side of Ultrasonic piezoelectric
- ceramic transducer- fragile
- only linear movement- can only use side of instrument
- can heat up and cause damage
ultrasonic magnetostrictive moves in a — pattern at — CPS
elliptical
18,000-50,000 CPS
down fall of magnetostrictive ultrasonic
transducer is a “stack” of nickel alloyed strips or ferrous rod can get very hot
ampltude effects the — of the strokes
length
- higher the power, longer the stroke
- number of cycles per second (CPS)
why use water
- lubricates tip for insertion
- cools stack
- irrigator that flushes debris in
periodontal sulcus
how to set water
water should be ≥ power setting
how does frequency effect US scalers
need the right tip for the set frequency
frequency= number of times the tip completes an elliptical or linear cycle per second
beaver tail can not be used where
subgingival
when to use slim tip (perio tips)
use for light to moderate calculus removal on low to medium power settings
can be used in subgingival areas
50% more slender than standard tip size (.5mm at tip)
can you use perio tips with heavy calculus
no
these are slender tips for low to medium calculus removal
what is the most powerful part of the piezoelectric tip
slim tip
what is the most powerful part of the magnetostrictive tip
How to check if tips are still working
with loss of efficiency
- decreases patient care
- increases risk of musculoskeletal disorders
