Test 3: 40 Flashcards
1
Q
common signs of respiratory distress
A
- Increased respiratory rate and effort (tachypnea)
- Noisy breathing (stridor and stertor)
- Coughing
- Extended head and neck
- Unable to lie down, elbows abducted
- Paradoxical breathing pattern
- Open mouth breathing, glazed expression
- Lateral recumbency/agonal breathing efforts
2
Q
common signs of upper airway disease
A
- Increased respiratory rate and effort
- Nasal discharge
- Decreased/absent nasal airflow
- Loud upper airway sounds – stridor or stertor?
- Tracheal sensitivity
- Coughing
3
Q
how to stabilize upper airway disease
A
- Oxygen therapy : cage
- Intravenous access
- SEDATION
- Consider anti-inflammatory dose of steroids for edema (0.05 mg/kg Dex SP)
- Evaluate rectal temperature for hyperthermia→Institute cooling measures
4
Q
clinical signs of lower airway disease
A
- Increased respiratory rate and effort
- Coughing
- Increased expiratory effort
- Wheezes (CATS!)
- Loud/coarse crackles (dogs)
5
Q
how to stabilize lower airway disease
A
oxygen therapy
IV access
bronchodilation: terbutaline
steroid: dexamethasone
6
Q
clinical signs of parenchymal disease
A
- Increased respiratory rate and effort
- Increased lung sounds
- Coughing
- Fine end-inspiratory crackles?
- May be from pus (pneumonia), hemorrhage, edema
- Cardiac auscultation: Is there a cardiac murmur /arrhythmia, gallop in cats
7
Q
emergency stabilization of parenchymal disease
A
oxygen therapy
IV catheter
if from CHF: consider lasix
8
Q
if there is pleural space disease where will you hear dull sounds
A
Air: dull sounds dorsally
Fluid: dull sounds ventrally
Mass/Organs: sounds variable
9
Q
clinical signs of chest wall/diaphragm disease
A
Is the diaphragm moving synchronously
Is the thorax moving synchronously?
Are there masses or deformities?
10
Q
what are some things that look like respiratory distress
A
- Shock
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hyperthermia
- Hypoglycemia
- Pain
- Fear/Stress
11
Q
A
