Test 4: 65 ear Flashcards
middle ear is covered by —
respiratory epithelium
parts of the tympanic membrane
Pars flaccida- pink portion (white arrow)
Pars tensa- ( clear/white) blue arrow
Stria mallearis- attachment for TM to manubrium of malleus- C shaped
how are cats tympanic bulla different from dog
cats have bony septum (two areas)
can only reach one from ear canal, need surgery to get to other
eustachian tube connects
middle ear with nasopharynx
inner ear is made of
- Cochlea (hearing)
- Vestibule and semi- circular canals (balance)
- Vestibulocochlear
nerve (CN VIII)
ear disease is caused by what three catagories
Predisposing factors
Primary factors
Perpetuating factors
what are some primary causes of ear problems
- Ectoparasites
- Hypersensitivity and allergic disorders
- Obstruction
- Foreign bodies
- Tumors
- Polyps (usually not cancer, from middle ear/respiratory epi)
- Autoimmune disease
- Cornification disorders
— are factors that increase risk of ear problems by altering the microenvironment
predisposing factors
often do not cause clinical disease alone
breed, excess skin, hair, swiming
what are some perpetuating factor
Glandular hyperplasia
Stenosis
Fibrosis
Mineralization
otitis media is usually from
extension from external ear canal that breaks through ear drum
can rarely come through eustachian tube from nasopharynx
how to do ear cytology
sample both ears
roll on slide
heat fix
Diff-Quik
how to culture middle ear
myringotomy- incision into tympanic membrane
how to manage otitis externa
- Resolve/minimize predisposing factors (if possible)
- Reduce inflammation (steroids)
- Identify and resolve secondary infections
- Look for the underlying (primary) disease!
when to do TECA
total ear canal ablation (TECA):
- Irreversible proliferative changes
- Severe mineralization
- Bulla osteomyelitis +/- abscessation
- Severe infections refractory to APPROPRIATE medical therapy
- Severe discomfort
- Neoplasia
