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Biology > Test 11 Review > Flashcards

Test 11 Review Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

invertebrates that are aquatic that have two body forms, consist of gastrovascular cavity

A

coelenterates

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2
Q

invertebrates that have many pore and no nervous system

A

sponges

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3
Q

roundworms are also known as

A

nematodes

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4
Q

microscopic with spinning rings of cilia, 500-1000 cells

A

rotifers

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5
Q

have a muscular foot and a visceral hump

A

mollusk

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6
Q

marine invertebrates with spiny skin; star fish, sand dollar

A

echinoderms

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7
Q

animal-like, single-celled organisms

A

protozoa

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8
Q

main characteristics of mollusks

A

muscular foot

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9
Q

three groups of mollusks

A

bivalve, univalve, cephalopod

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10
Q

octopus, squid, nautilus

A

cephalopods

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11
Q

clam, oyster, scallop

A

bivalve

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12
Q

examples of univalves

A

slug, nail, nudibranch, conch

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13
Q

if bivalve get irritant in between mantle and shell, make pearl made of

A

nacre

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14
Q

gastropods file-like tongue

A

radula

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15
Q

only cephalopod with external shell

A

nautilus

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16
Q

examples of echinoderms

A

starfish, sand dollar, sea urchin, sea cucumber

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17
Q

kind of symmetry of adult echinoderms

A

radial

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18
Q

echinoderms have special body system called

A

water-vascular system

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19
Q

why rotifers not classified as protozoa

A

more than one cell

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20
Q

invertebrate animals with hollow bag and tentacles

A

coelenterates

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21
Q

two body forms of coelenterates

A

polyps, medusa

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22
Q

examples of coelenterates

A

jellyfish, sea anemone, coral, hydra

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23
Q

jellyfish body style

A

medusa

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24
Q

stinging cells on tentacles

A

cnidocytes

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25
Q

motile coelenterate body style

A

medusa

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26
Q

coelenterates that are tiny and form limestone cups

A

coral

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27
Q

animal that means pore-bearer

A

sponges

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28
Q

sponges mouth (osculum) that function as

A

excurrent pore

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29
Q

bristles on earthworm

A

setae

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30
Q

earthworms use for kidneys and filtering

A

nephridia

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31
Q

annelids that are parasites

A

leeches

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32
Q

Platyhelminths are

A

flatworms

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33
Q

flatworms that are free-living

A

planarian

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34
Q

platyhelminths that get into human liver, lungs, and blood

A

flukes

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35
Q

parasitic platyhelminths that eat digestive food

A

tapeworm

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36
Q

tapeworm’s head

A

scolex

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37
Q

roundworm that blocks lymphatic

A

filaria worm

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38
Q

roundworm that gets into intestines that drinks blood

A

hookworm

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39
Q

how control the spread of hookworm

A

don’t walk barefoot; good sanitation, disposal of wastes

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40
Q

roundworm from poorly cooked meat the bores into the muscle

A

trichina worm

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41
Q

disease from trichina worm

A

trichiosis

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42
Q

how to prevent the spread of ascaris

A

properly dispose of wastes; good sanitation

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43
Q

organisms that have single cell and classified by how move

A

protozoa

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44
Q

move with whip-like structures

A

flagellates

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45
Q

common flagellates that move like animal and make food like plant

A

euglena

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46
Q

euglena reproduction by splitting

A

binary fission

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47
Q

cell division of euglena binary fission is an example of

A

mitosis

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48
Q

disease caused by parasitic flagellate

A

African sleeping sickness

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49
Q

flagellate that spreads African sleeping sickness

A

trypanosome

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50
Q

disease caused by sarcodine

A

amoebic dysentery

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51
Q

most common sarcodine

A

amoeba

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52
Q

pseudopods purpose

A

move
ingest particles of food

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53
Q

causes malaria

A

plasmodium

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54
Q

main characteristic of sporozoans

A

sessile

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55
Q

says that all living things made of cells, come from preexisting cells

A

cell theory

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56
Q

four elements of cells

A

carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen

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57
Q

most common chemical compounds found in living cells

A

proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids

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58
Q

all the most common chemical compounds contain these two elements

A

carbon
hydrogen

59
Q

the control center of the cell

A

nucleus

60
Q

special lipid molecules in cell membrane

A

phospholipids

61
Q

rigid box-like structure around PLANTS cells

A

cell wall

62
Q

framework of the cell

A

cytoskeleton

63
Q

cytoskeleton made primarily of

A

microtubules

64
Q

microtubule-organizing center in humans

A

centrosome

65
Q

within centrosome

A

centrioles

66
Q

power plants with burning of carbs and fats

A

mitchondria

67
Q

organelles that mke proteins

A

ribosomes

68
Q

within mitochondria, units that make ATP

A

ATP synthase

69
Q

ATP synthase made of

A

proteins

70
Q

phosphorous compound that is energy carrier of the cell

A

ATP

71
Q

dense network of membranes that is through much of the cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

72
Q

two types of ER

A

rough (contains ribosomes; closer to nucleus)
smooth

73
Q

shipping center of the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

74
Q

golgi look like

A

stack of compartments

75
Q

Golgi apparatus packages into

A

vesicles

76
Q

type of vesicle for recycling purposes

A

lysosome

77
Q

structures that function as storage compartments

A

vacuoles

78
Q

largest control center

A

nucleus

79
Q

contains master programs

A

DNA

80
Q

in human body cells, DNA divided into

A

46 molecules

81
Q

each molecule in DNA is a

A

chromosome

82
Q

where ribosomes are made

A

nucleolus

83
Q

breaking down glucose, combine with oxygen to release energy

A

cellular (aerobic) respiration

84
Q

energy released by cellular respiration is used to make

A

ATP

85
Q

energy to do cellular respiration

A

carbohydrates
proteins

86
Q

first step of cellular respiration; takes place in cytoplasm, not need oxygen, breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules

A

glycolysis

87
Q

not enough oxygen, use this energy release

A

fermentation (anaerobic cellular respiration)

88
Q

more efficient respiration

A

aerobic cellular respiration

89
Q

move water, small molecules in and out from higher to lower concentration

A

simple diffusion

90
Q

cannot pass directly through but pass from higher to lower

A

facilitated diffusion

91
Q

facilitated and simple diffusion called

A

passive transportation

92
Q

movement from lower to higher with expenditure of energy

A

active transportation

93
Q

moving things larger than molecules into cell

A

endocytosis

94
Q

endocytosis moving liquids in

A

pinocytosis

95
Q

endocytosis that engulfs solids

A

phagocytosis

96
Q

larger than molecules moving OUT

A

exocytosis

97
Q

G1, S, G2 M make up

A

cell cycle

98
Q

G1, S, G2, (cell living normally) called

A

interphase

99
Q

phase in which the DNA replicates and the centrosomes replicates

A

synthases phase

100
Q

occurs at the end of mitosis

A

cytokinesis

101
Q

cell death programmed

A

apoptosis

102
Q

Platyhelminths that get into human live, blood intestines

A

flukes

103
Q

Platyhelminths that eat digestive food

A

tapeworm

104
Q

head of tapeworm

A

scolex

105
Q

roundworm that gets into human and drinks blood

A

hookworm

106
Q

prevent hookworm

A

wear shoes; good sanitation

107
Q

roundworm from poorly cooked meat and bores into muscles

A

trichina (cook meat well; freeze)

108
Q

lives in intestines of usually children

A

Ascaris worm

109
Q

prevent Ascaris

A

do not put hands in mouth; good sanitation

110
Q

single-celled; classified by how they move

A

protozoa

111
Q

common flagellate

A

euglena

112
Q

occurs in euglena fission

A

mitosis

113
Q

causes African sleeping sickness; flagellate parasite

A

trypanosome

114
Q

purposes of pseudopods

A

move and eat

115
Q

ciliate that slipper shape

A

paramecium

116
Q

main characteristic of sporozoans

A

nonmotile

117
Q

unit of structure of living things

A

cell

118
Q

because of work of Hooke we have

A

cell theory

119
Q

determines size of something

A

number of cells

120
Q

four main chemical elements

A

nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

121
Q

four common chemical compounds in living things

A

proteins, lipids, carbohydrates nucleic acids

122
Q

carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid all contain these two elements

A

carbon and hydrogen

123
Q

fluid medium of cell

A

cytoplasm

124
Q

special lipid molecules in cell membrane

A

phospholipids

125
Q

boxlike structure around cell of plant

A

cell wall

126
Q

makes up cytoskeleton

A

microtubules

127
Q

microtubules organizing center in human and animal cells

A

centrosome

128
Q

cylindrical structure in centrosome made of tubules

A

centrioles

129
Q

power plants; burning of proteins

A

mitochondria

130
Q

organelles that make proteins

A

ribosomes

131
Q

within mitochondria units that make ATP

A

ATP synthase

132
Q

ATP synthase made of

A

protein

133
Q

phosphorous compound that in energy carrier of cell

A

ATP

134
Q

dense network of membranes throughout the cytoplasm

A

endoplasmic reticulum network

135
Q

closer to nucleus; has ribosomes attached to it

A

rough ER

136
Q

shipping center of cell

A

Golgi apparatus

137
Q

Golgi apparatus looks like

A

bags or compartments

138
Q

container used by Golgi apparatus

A

vesicles

139
Q

vesicle for recycling

A

lysosome

140
Q

function as storage compartments

A

vacuoles

141
Q

master programming

A

DNA

142
Q

DNA divided into

A

46 molecules

143
Q

each molecule is called a

A

chromosome

144
Q

ribosomes made; dark area in nucleus

A

nucleolus

Biology (48 decks)

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