Section 24.1-- DNA: Master Program of the Cell

Question 1

mysterious substance in the NUCLEUS of a cell that somehow controls heredity

Answer 1

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 2

the greatest breakthrough in DNA came when these two biochemists deduced the actual structure of DNA

Answer 2

James Watson
Francis Crick

Question 3

Watson and Crick’s discoveries revealed that each gene of an organism is the part of the DNA molecule that controls a

Answer 3

particular trait

Question 4

every somatic cell contains ___ chromosomes in the nucleus

Answer 4

46

Question 5

each cell of your body contains enough ____________ in its DNA molecules to fill a library of about one thousand books

Answer 5

information

Question 6

each spool and the DNA wrapped around it form a

Answer 6

nucleosome

Question 7

loosely coiled DNA in a cell nucleus

Answer 7

chromatid

Question 8

besides DNA, the other important nucleic acid in the cell is

Answer 8

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Question 9

both nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, are composed of special molecules called

Answer 9

nucleotides

Question 10

composes each nucleotide

Answer 10

sugar molecule
phosphate group
nitrogen-containing base

Question 11

scientists refer to the double spiral structure of DNA as a

Answer 11

double helix

Question 12

the rungs which connect the legs of the ladder, consist of paired nitrogen-containing bases, or

Answer 12

base pairs

Question 13

the four different types of bases found in a DNA molecule are

Answer 13

guanine
cytosine
adenine
thymine

Question 14

T/F: only one type of base will fit another

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

the process in which only one type of base will fit another is called

Answer 15

base pairing

Question 16

RNA consists of ____________ strand instead of _________

Answer 16

one instead of two

Question 17

Like DNA, RNA may contain ___________ different types of nitrogen-containing bases

Answer 17

four

Question 18

RNA contains this instead of thymine

Answer 18

uracil