Sydamerika Flashcards
Hvad hedder klimazonerne i Chile?
Costa, Entre Cordilleras og Andes
Of Chile’s 6 DOs, which 2 are the most important?
Aconcagua DO
Valle Central DO
Both have noteworthy subregions nested within them.
The Andes Mountains create a __ __ for Argentina, making the wine regions on the eastern side very warm, dry, and sunny.
Rain shadow
What wine laws (or appellation system) does Chile use?
DO (Denominación de Origen)
What are the main grapes, both red and white, of Casablanca Valley DO and San Antonio Valley DO?
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
What is the name of the ocean current that cools down Chile?
Humboldt Current
It ushers in cool, moist air + fog.
Which South American country is the largest in terms of wine production?
Hint: it’s also the 5th largest producer in the world.
Argentina
Valle Central makes what percent of Chile’s overall wine production?
80%
Most of it is everyday table wine
What is the climate of Valle Central?
Warm - hot
What is the climate of Mendoza IG?
Super dry and Continental
The vineyards’ elevations plays a role, though, in temperatures and diurnal shifts.
What are the nested subregional DOs of Aconcagua?
Casablanca Valley DO
San Antonio DO
Note that Aconcagua DO also has the nested, subregional Aconcagua Valley DO, but you only need to know Casablanca and San Antonio for this exam.
In Chile, where are vineyards planted?:
- valley floors
- foothills/hillsides
- high elevation
- all of the above
All of those areas!
The wines’ expressions, color, and intensity will vary from all of these sites.
For a long time, many thought that the Carmenère planted in Chile was this other grape.
Merlot
What is the average altitude at which grapes are grown in Argentina?
3000 ft asl (915 meters)
Name 3 important IGs in Argentina.
Salta IG
Mendoza IG
Patagonia IG
Hvilken region i Chile står for størstedelen af Chiles vinproduktion?
Valle Central/Central Valley
What is the name of the desert at the northern end of Chile?
Atacama Desert
What is the main red grape of Mendoza IG?
Malbec
What is the white grape Argentina is known for?
What’s it like?
Torrontés
Intensely fragrant and floral
What is the Zonda?
What can it do?
A strong wind that blows down from the Andes into Argentina in the late spring / early summer;
Can adversely affect the flowering stage in a vine’s annual cycle by blowing off flowers (which means a smaller crop yield at harvest).
What are the 2 main white grapes in Chile?
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
White grapes account for only 25% of all plantings in Chile.
Is Valle Central better known for white grapes or red grapes?
What are the grapes?
Red grapes:
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Carmenère
The rain shadow Argentina experiences from the Andes means that it’s a very warm and dry region.
Because of this warmth, where is the best place for grapes to grow?
High altitudes so the grapes can benefit from cool nights (diurnal shifts).
What grape is Maipo Valley DO best known for?
Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the 4 DOs of Valle Central from north to south?
Maipo Valley DO
Rapel DO
Curicó DO
Maule DO
Even though Chile subscribes to the 75% minimum rule for stated grape, vintage, and DO, what minimum do they actually follow?
Chile exceeds that minimum and follows the EU’s 85% rule for stated grape, vintage, and DO.
Hvad er den mest plantede drue i Chile?
Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the grapes grown in Patagonia IG?
Torrontés
Malbec
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Noir
Are hybrids allowed to use the DO system in Chile?
No, only Vitis vinifera
If a bottle of Chilean wine has a vintage listed on the label, the wine must be what minimum percent of that stated vintage?
75%
Casablanca Valley DO and San Antonio Valley DO share the same climate.
What is the climate?
Where are they located (near or far from the coast)?
Cool maritime, very near the coast and west of the Coastal Range.
If a bottle of Chilean wine has one of the 6 DOs listed on the label as its DO, what minimum percent of the wine must come from that DO?
75%
Hvilken drue associerer man med Chile?
Carmanére som har en lang modningsperiode og en grøn karakter af nyklippet græs og grøn peber
Nævne regionerne i Argentina samt den provins/IG der producerer mest vin
Den nordlige region, Cuyo og Patagonien. Mendoza er IG med den største produktion (+60%) og som også indeholde Argentinas indtil videre 2 eneste DOC (San Rafael og Luján de Cuyo)
Hvad kendetegner druen Torrontés?
Det er en aromatisk drue med en lidt sæbeagtig karakter. Det er en rosa druesort. Der findes 3 varianter med forskellig aroma intensitet: Riojana, Sanjuana, Mendocino. Torrontés er en hybrid af Moscatel de Alexandria og Criolla Chica (País (Chile), Mission (Californien))
What are Mendoza IG’s important subregions?
Luján de Cuyo DOC
Uco Valley IG
What is the name of the mountain range that creates a rain shadow in Chile?
Coastal Range
Same name as the range in the Pacific Northwest!
What are the 3 main red grapes in Chile?
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Carmenère
Hvad er Casablanca?
Underregion i Aconcagua i Chile hvor der er en åbning i Costa (kystbjergene) som medfører at der i hele Casablanc er et køligt klima
Nævn regionerne i Chile
Atacama Coquimbo Aconcagua Valle Central/Central Valley (står for størstedelen af Chiles vinproduktion) Region del Sur Austral
What is the climate of Salta IG?
Where are grapes grown in Salta?
Overall it’s a warm climate, but grapes are grown at high elevations so they can benefit from cooler air.
Which IG of Argentina is the largest viticultural region?
Mendoza IG
Patagonia IG is Argentina’s most:
northern
southern
western
region.
Southernmost
Hvordan inddeles vinområder/regioner (DO)i Chile?
Region (6)
underregion (17)
zone (8)
område (81)
klimazone (3)(Costa/Entre Cordilleras/Anders)
What wine laws are used to demarcate regions in Argentina?
IG (Indicaciones Geográficas)
DOC (Denominacíon de Origen Controlada)
What is Valle Central’s most important subregion?
Maipo Valley DO
If a bottle of Chilean wine has a grape listed on the label, the wine must be what minimum percent of that stated grape?
75%
Hvilken drue er Uruguay kendt for?
Tannat (blå drue)
Salta IG is Argentina’s most:
northern
southern
western
region.
Northernmost
What are the grapes that grow in Salta IG?
Torrontés
Malbec
What do the IGs and DOCs demarcate in Argentina?
IGs = wine growing areas that are delimited by geographical or political boundaries.
DOCs = wine growing areas that grow specific grapes, practice particular viticultural methods, and have specific aging requirements.
Basically, the DOC is more strict and focused than the IG system.
In the 19th century, the majority of the vines that were planted in Chile came from ___.
Bordeaux
What irrigation systems are used to irrigate the vineyards in Mendoza IG?
Flood irrigation (aka furrow irrigation) Drip irrigation
Valle Central DO in Chile is located between two mountain ranges: the ___ to the east and the ___ to the west.
Andes Mountains to the east
Coastal Mountains to the west
Thanks to the rain shadow from Chile’s Coastal Range, what is the climate for the winegrowing areas between the Coastal Range and the Andes?
Warm Mediterranean
What are the 4 red grapes of Argentina?
Malbec
Bonarda
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah
Hvilke druer har man krydset for at få Torrontés?
Moscatel de Alexandria og Criolla Chica (også kendt som País i Chile og Mission i Californien)
Hvilken drue(r) associerer man med Argentina?
Malbec og Torrontés
Hvad er Rapel?
En underregion i Valle Central i Chile
I hvilken del af Argentina dyrkes der vin?
i den vestlige del af landet fra nord til syd langs Andesbjergene
Salta IG’s vineyards are known for being some of the ___est ___ in the world.
Highest elevation
Some are planted at nearly 10,000ft asl
