Spine and Back Pain Flashcards
extension pain = ___ and flexion pain = ____
extension pain = facetogenic
flexion pain = discogenic.
compare and contrast radiculopathy vs caludication vs myelopathy.
Compression on spinal cord, nerve roots or central lumbar canal have different terms. PNS vs CNS. Radiculopathy affects nerve root/pns. Sciatica– compression of the sciatic nerve L4, L5 or S1. They are often more sensory– pain with sensation. If reflexes are affected they are typically down/hyporeflexia.
Claudicagion is heaviness that an be caused by spine or vascular problems. Often affects many nerve roots at a time caused by Stenosis.
Myelopathy is compression of the cord/CNS. Does not do well with surgical treatment. Less painful than radiculopathy. More motor dysfunction. If cerical spine is affect, affects hand dexterity and balance. If reflexes are affected, they are MORE apparent/ pathological reflexes.
change in reflexes in radiculopathy or myelopathy
radiculopathy often results in hyporeflexia
in myelopathy (stenosis) it is typically hyper reflexia
Radiculpathy is frequent caused by a ___ ___.
Typically happens when ___ ___ herniates through a traumatic tear in the ___ ____. It then pushes through a nerve which radiates over the tissue distrubiton in which the nerve innnervates.
Radiculpathy is frequent caused by a disc herniation.
Typically happens when central nucleus herniates through a traumatic tear in the annulus fibrosis. It then pushes through a nerve which radiates over the tissue distrubiton in which the nerve innnervates.
posterolateral disc herniations affect the ___ nerve root and causes the nerve in the lower level to be affected.
posterolateral disc herniations affect the traversing nerve root.
An L3 radiculopathy can occur from a disc herniation where?
If its a posterior-lateral/central herniation probably L2, but if it’s super super lateral herniation, ti would affect the level at which the herniation occurred, so it would be L3 herniation if lateral.
which nerve is likely to be compressed, and what would the person most likeyl feel?
Posterlatearal disc herniation between L5 and S1. Since it’s poster lateral the nerve root most likely will affect the nerve below the herniation so S1. The nerves exiting S1 affect the sciatic nerve.
Will have trouble plantar flexing.
Younger pt lifting something heavy. Felt a pop in his back. Pain down both legs and hard time emptying his bladder. Large disc herniation between L4 and L5 noted.
thie is CES! THIS IS CES!!! It’s possible he has a radiculopathy affecting L5 nerves, but when there is bilateral affecting legs and bladder issues, you should suspect CES.
THIS IS CES!!! It’s possible he has a radiculopathy affecting L5 nerves, but when there is bilateral affecting legs and bladder issues, you should suspect CES.THIS IS CES!!! It’s possible he has a radiculopathy affecting L5 nerves, but when there is bilateral affecting legs and bladder issues, you should suspect CES.
fill in this table.
define spondylolysis, spondylolysis, spondylolithesis and stenosis.
spondylolysis can cause spondylolithesis but it’s not the only cause of it.
spondylolysis
Spondylolisthesis
cervical central stenosis causes ___
causes mylopathy.
If the spinal cord itself is compressed rather than a single nerve root, it can be a lot more damaging because multiple dermatomes will be affected. The CNS is lesss tolerant of compression and often not painful but loss of coordination. Requires surgical opinion.
Cord compression at C5 will affect everything below. Will affect the hands, legs etc.
note
A vertebrae is crushed– he has metastatic lung cancer– pathologic fracture.
Lady came in with back pain. Her pain occurred at rest and worse with laying down. Could be as simple as muscle pain but this pain was getting worse and she paralyzed in the emergency room. MRI showed ____ ____.
Lady came in with back pain. Her pain occurred at rest and worse with laying down. Could be as simple as muscle pain but this pain was getting worse and she paralyzed in the emergency room. MRI showed epidural abscess. Ill defined collection in the epidural space. Staph Auerus positive.
