Approach to Pediatric Bone Tumours Flashcards
which sarcomas are most common in children
osteosarcoma and ewing.
note: procedures of controling a pediatric tumour
pre-requisites for limb salvage.
you really gotta consier your odds if you think about saving the limb. ther’es lots of complications– infection, fracture, delayed wound healing, nerve injuries, revision surgeries, revision to amputation.
general equation to see about future bone growth and limb discrepancy if you do a tuor resection.
skeletal maturity for boys in 16 years, girls for 14 years.
- when younger, you multiply their age difference y 1.5 cm.
ex/ tumor resection at a 9 year old male = 7x1.5cm/year= 10.5 cm limb length inequality.
what is an allograft
a processed bone from bone bank. has a higher 30% complication rate but it’s less that expandable prosthesis.
what is a rotational plasty
Form of limb salvage
• Residual bone/limbs are rotated and reconfigured to
preserve limb function
• Lower extremity = Van Ness rotationplasty • Upper extremity = Hefti Calvicular rotationplasty
in a hefti rotation plasty of the proximal humerus, you remove the -__ __
remove the roator cuff and distal humerus.
an ____ is a bony outgrowth with a cartilage cap that is considered benign but can undergo a malignant transformation. it originates from the ___.
an OSTEOCHONDROMA is a bony outgrowth with a cartilage cap that is considered benign but can undergo a malignant transformation. it originates from the PHYSIS.
osteochondroma
what are some indications that the osteochondroma might be progressing to malignancy?
an ____ is a benign intramedullary cartilage tumor, looking like a nest of cartilage cells. it originates from the ___ and has low malignant transformation.
an ENCHONDROMA is a benign intramedullary cartilage tumor, looking like a nest of cartilage cells. it originates from the PHYSIS and has low malignant transformation.
treatments for endochondroma
DONT BIOPSY. usually it might actually resolve on it’s own, re only remove if the’re symptomatic.
endochondroma
what type of tissue does an osteoid osteoma produce?
benign BONE forming tumor.
which demographic affected by osteoid osteoma
pends– young adults. corically based and paindul. pain relief with NSAIDS. presents with. A LOT OF PAIN
treatment of osteoid osteoma
radiofrequency ablation
osteoid osteoma– forming cortical bone
difference between normal bone cyst and aneurysmal bone cyst
UBC (aka simple bone cyst) •Simple cystic cavities in bone •Proximal femur and proximal humerus •Filled with plasma filtrate (~ synovial fluid) •Begin in peds … can persist into early adulthood •Weaken bone •Associated pathologic fracture •Often heal after fracture
ABC (aka aneurysmal bone cyst) •Septated cystic cavities in bone •Virtually any bone •Blood filled •Begin in peds … can persist into early adulthood •Weaken bone •Associated pathologic fracture •More aggressive bone changes than UBC •Can recur after surgical treatment
aneusymal bone cyst. note the septated cystic cavitiy
UBC bone cyst. it’s on the humerus which is the classic position of UBC
giant cell tumor of bone is a benign tumor of the ___. occurs in ___ ___ populations. it involves a proliferation of ___ cells which recruit ____-like multinucleated giant cells.
Although it’s not cancer and thus benign, it can destroy bone and be limb threatening. it can recur locally.
giant cell tumor of bone is a benign tumor of the METAPHYSIS. occurs in YOUNG ADULT populations. it involves a proliferation of STROMAL cells which recruit OSTEOCLAST-like multinucleated giant cells.
Although it’s not cancer and thus benign, it can destroy bone and be limb threatening. it can recur locally.
giant cell tumor. lots of osteoclast recruitment in clumsp
clouding at the distal end of the femur (metaphysis), more bone formation. lesioning apparent. giant cell tumor.
treatment of giant cell tumor
