Skin cancer lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

Cancer in situ

Answer 1

Cancer in its original location, i.e. not metastasized

Question 2

UV__ is primarily associated with direct DNA damage to skin cells causing skin cancer

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The lowest risk for skin cancer development is fitzpatrick skin type ___, the highest risk is fitzpatrick skin type ___

Answer 3

VI,

I

Question 4

Actinic keratosis is confined to the ___ and may enter ____ upon becoming a malignant ____

Answer 4

epidermis, papillary/reticular dermis, squamous cell carcinoma

Question 5

Actinic keratosis treatment options (4)

Answer 5

• cryotherapy
• surgical removal
• Retinol
• 5-FU

Question 6

Treatment by 5-FU may initially cause ___ which disappears after a period of time

Answer 6

erythema

Question 7

3 common types of skin cancer and info about them

Answer 7

80% - Basal cell carcinoma (arises stratum basale), typically does not metastasize and is locally destructive
20% - squamous cell carcinoma (arises epidermis), substantial risk of metastasis and AK is precursor
1% - melanoma (melanocytes in stratum basale), most aggressive and most likely to metastasize

Question 8

Bowen’s disease

Answer 8

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ that results in slow growing, elevated red scaly plaques that grow laterally but take a while to invade dermis and are therefore often mistaken for psorasis or eczema

Question 9

Erythroplasia of queyrat

Answer 9

Carcinoma in situ that results in slow growing, elevated scaly plaques that grow laterally but take a while to invade dermis and are therefore often mistaken for other diseases, similar to bowen’s disease but of the mucous membranes

Question 10

Squamous cell carcinoma presentation, what is the depth that is high risk for metastasis

Answer 10

-red with poorly defined base and yellow white scale adherence, >6mm

Question 11

Basal cell carcinoma presentation

Answer 11

Often see telactangasias with a shiny papule or nodule

Question 12

Melanoma mech of action

Answer 12

Melanocytes get DNA damage primarily from UVB light and then begin to proliferate both downward into the hypodermis (risk for metastasis) and upward toward the skin surface

Question 13

UV index

Answer 13

A measure of how much exposure between 0-15 is occurring by being outside, increased at high elevation, reflective surfaces, and mid day and decreased by cloud cover

Question 14

As UV index increases, time to burn between skin types becomes ___

Answer 14

smaller

Question 15

Pathologic staging of melanoma (2 ways)

Answer 15

• breslow thickness (preferred)

- clark level

Question 16

Breslow thickness level

Answer 16

-way of measuring pathologic staging of melanoma, measures depth in mm, deeper melanoma is closer to lymphatics and has increased risk of metastasis

Question 17

Clark level

Answer 17

-way of measuring pathologic staging of melanoma, describes depth relative to other skin structures and is less commonly usd today

Question 18

Golden rule of diagnosis of skin cancer

Answer 18

Always obtain full thickness specimen, not shave biopsy

Question 19

Melanoma treatment options (3)

Answer 19

• wide excision
• sentinal lymph node dissection
• chemotherapy if high stage

Question 20

Sentinal lymph node dissection

Answer 20

Treatment option for melanoma if suspected metastasis based on depth by injecting radiodye and using a geiger counter to find 1st node that drains the area called the sentinal node, that is then removed