Pigmentation Disorders Lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

Photosensitivty definition

Answer 1

Abnormal response to light (usually sun) occuring within a period of time following exposure and lasting up to weeks or months

Question 2

Some benefits and risks of UV radition (3 and 3)

Answer 2

+ production of vit D + dispersal of melanin + beneficial for some dermatoses -sunburn -carcinogenesis -skin aging

Question 3

Sunburn

Answer 3

Acute, delayed, and transient inflammatory response to UV radiation characterized by erythema in sun exposed areas, and in severe cases resulting in chills and dehydration

Question 4

Fitzpatrick classification of sun reactive skin types

Answer 4

An old system of 6 diff “skin types” ranging from very fair skinned to black

Question 5

Drug induced phototoxicity

Answer 5

A side effect of many medications that causes sun exposed areas to have immediate erythema and urticaria upon exposure and exaggerated sunburns that itches or stings, prevented by avoidance

Question 6

Plant induced phototoxicity

Answer 6

Caused by contact with light sensitizing botanical substances in certain occupations that causes erythema and pruritis

Question 7

Drug induced photoallergy

Answer 7

Less common rxn where chemical agent in drug interacts with protein in skin to form antigen that reacts upon photoexpsoure, is typically less demarcated than phototoxic!!!!

Question 8

Steven Johnson syndrome

Answer 8

A rare serious immune complex mediated hypersensitivity condition of skin and mucus membranes that begins with flu like symptoms and progresses to a severe rash as a reaction to medication such as bactrim

Question 9

Polymorphous light eruption

Answer 9

Delayed type IV hypersensitivity rxn to uv radiation that results in pruritis and tingling

Question 10

Dermatoheliosis

Answer 10

Response of epidermis to prolonged sun exposure resulting in keratosis, dryness, lentigo

Question 11

Lentigo

Answer 11

Pigmented indented macule (diff from freckle) often a result of localized proliferation of melanocytes in the epidermis, need to be monitored for changes that could indicate malignancy

Question 12

Actinic keratosis

Answer 12

An occupational related pattern of discrete dry scaley lesions on areas exposed to sun, flesh colored

Question 13

Most common lesion with malignant potential to arise on the skin

Answer 13

Actinic keratosis

Question 14

Melasma

Answer 14

Area of dark pigmentation mostly seen on a woman’s face, influencing factors are typically hormonal female changes

Question 15

Melasma and post inflammatory hyperpigmentation treatment options (2)

Answer 15

-daily sunscreen -hydroquinone (skin whitening benzene that bleaches skin)

Question 16

Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation

Answer 16

Condition seen with higher incidence in dark skinned individuals due to excess deposits in the epidermis, often preceded by acne

Question 17

Drug induced hyperpigmentation

Answer 17

Tendency for some drugs such as minocycline to cause generalized or localized hyperpigmentation that may persist for years even after removal of medicaiton

Question 18

Erythema dyschromicum perstans

Answer 18

Ashy dermatosis, unknown etiology and no real treatment

Question 19

Solar lentigines definition

Answer 19

Liver spots

Question 20

Vitiligo

Answer 20

Complete absence of melanocytes, thus developing white patches on skin from immune mediated pathogenesis against melanocytes

Question 21

Vitiligo may be associated with increased risk for ___ disease

Answer 21

thyroid

Question 22

Vitiligo universalis

Answer 22

Michael Jackson, complete black to white

Question 23

Vitiligo treatment (4)

Answer 23

-sunscreen -tacrolimus (inhibits inflammatory cytokines) -UVA therapy -Grafts

Question 24

Tinea versicolor can be differentiated from other light skin rashes by a…

Answer 24

…KOH mount

Question 25

Albinism

Answer 25

Uncommon complex eye and skin disease without pigmentation, managed with sunscreen and protective clothing, at increased risk for basal and squamous cell carcinoma

Question 26

Piebaldism

Answer 26

Rare autosomal dominant congenital disorder of melanocyte developemnt that results in patches of white skin and hair

Question 27

Hypopigmented patches on central face with greasy scale can be identified as usually being…

Answer 27

…seborrheic dermatitis

Question 28

Pityriasis alba

Answer 28

A skin condition often occuring in children age 6-12 resulting in patches of hypopigmentation, not contageous and often self limiting, strongly resembles vitilgo early on

Question 29

What condition is this?

Answer 29

Steven Johnson syndrome

Question 30

What condition is this?

Answer 30

Actinic keratosis

Question 31

What condition is this?

Answer 31

Melasma