Elimination Diet/Food Allergies Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards
8/28/19
What percent of the US population has food allergies?
Approx 4%
The big 8 food allergies
Peanuts Treenuts Fish Shellfish Eggs Milk Soy Wheat
Food allergy definition
An adverse rxn to a food that is mediated by an immunologic mechanism, occurs consistently after consumption of that food
Elimination diet
An eating plan in which individuals food suspected of causing intolerance or allergic rxns are omitted for a period of time to determine if individual’s condition approves, as well as treatment via avoidance of the offending agent
Common non-allergic food hypersensitivities
-Lactose intolerance
Common IgE mediated food hypersensitivites
- Milk protein
- peanut
- egg
Common non IgE mediated food allergies
- Gluten intolerance
- contact dermatitis
Food intolerances can be treated by ___
enzymes that can assist in the digestion of the product
Galactosemia
Intolerance of galactose, more severe than lactose intolerance because can cause failure to thrive or mental retardation
phenylketonuria
uh
2 metabolic disorders tested in infants because of their severity
- Galactosemia
- phenylketonuria
Hirschsprung’s disease
-Lack of nervous supply to colon resulting in a lack of peristalsis and constipation
Majority of food allergies are type ___ hypersensitivities
1
Hay fever is type ___ hypersensitivity
1
Food rxns are never type ___ hypersensitivites
2
Common type III rxn to food allergy
Heiner’s syndrome, milk protein deposition causing illness after 8 hours of eating
Proven symptoms and signs of food allergy
- GI reaction
- Cutaneous reaction
- Systemic reaction
- Respiratory reaction
Factors that influence symptoms of food allergic reactions (3)
- Amount of antigen/allergen ingested and absorbed
- Types of rxns that occur
- Sensitivity of target organ
Cross reactivity of common food allergies
Those with an allergy to a certain food will see a variable % increase in the odds of being cross allergic to similar other allergens
Oral allergy syndrome/pollen food allergy syndrome
IgE mediated allergic rxn caused by allergens in fruits, veggies, tree nuts and peanuts that are homologous to pollen allergens resulting in symptoms that result from contact of urticria of oropharynx causing pruritus, tingling, erythema, sensation of throat closing
Generally, as individuals age, they ___. However, if they have a late phase response, that means that their repsonse is likely to be ____
outgrow their allergies, chronic/lifelong
Congress mandates that…
…the big 8 food allergens are listed always on nutritional info
Risk factors for development of food allergy
- Heredity
- exposure to food
- gastrointestinal permeability
- Environmental factors
2 reliable immunologic tests for allergies, what do we see a lot of and what do we see little bit of?
- skin prick
- RAST test
A lot of false positives can be seen but almost no false negatives
Biochemical testing for food allergies serves to…
….rule out nonallergic causes of signs and symptoms
Some ways to prevent food allergies in children (2)
- Exclusive breastfeeding the first 4 months of life
- Withhold highly allergenic foods (big 8) for first 2-3 years of life
Leading 3 food related anaphylaxis allergens
peanuts
seafood
tree nuts
2 available food allergy treatments and 1 on the horizon
- avoidance
- epi auto injector
- investigation treatments (desensitization)
