Ophthalmology in Primary Care Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards
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Corneal abrasion
Patient presents with pain, tearing, and photophobia second to corneal epithelium trauma, clinically diagnosed with fluorscein dye stain, treat with topical antibiotics because increased risk of infection, use topical erythromycin , most of time does not require patching unless large abrasion
Upon removal of foreign body from the eye need referral to ophthalmology to remove..
….residual rust ring
Morgan lens
Contact lens that is connected to IV tube that irrigates the lid and the corneal surface to flush out eyes after chemical burn until pH returns to normal
Numbness in cheeks and upper lip suggests ___ fracture, numbness in eyebrow and forehead suggests ___ fracture
floor, roof
Chalazion (stye)
Blocked meibomian gland or eyelash hair follicle? that presents with a wel defined, subcunaeous nodule within the eyelid
A Chalazion (stye) is NOT a ____
infectious process, don’t need antibiotics
Chalazion treatment (3)
- Warm compresses to eyelid
- doxy BID for its anti oil properties (like acne meds)
- intralesional injection of steroids
Dacryocystis treatment (4)
- oral antibiotics augmentin
- IV if severe
- warm compress
- referral for I&D
Preseptal cellulitis lacks these 4 things compared to orbital cellulitis
- no conjunctival redness
- no pain with eye movement
- no restriction of extraocular mobility
- Can treat outpatient instead of admit for IV antibiotics in hospital
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus affects what dermatome?
V1 (ophthalmic division of trigem)
Hutchinson’s sign
A rash that involves the nose that predicts herpes zoster ophthalmicus and other diseases associated from this
Typical treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis (2)
- moxifloxacin
- ofloxacin
“True” pink eye
Viral induced conjunctivitis, watery, droopy lid, pinkish coloration
Clinical sign: Inferior tarsal conjunctival follicles
Pale, dome shaped nodules tender upon palpation in the area around the eye indicative of viral conjunctivitis
Clinical sign: Upper tarsal conjunctival papillae
Small flattened nodules with a central vascular core see on the upper lid indicative of allergic conjunctivitis
3 topical mast cell stabilizers for allergic conjunctivitis
- zaditor
- alaway
- pataday
In patients with allergic conjunctivitis want to avoid ____ products because _____
“get the red out”, rebound hyperemia when stopped
Contact lens overwear can cause 2 possible conditions
- non infectious overwear can cause vascularity to grow in the cornea
- infectious leads to corneal ulcer
Most common cause of bacterial corneal ulcer
Improper contact lens wear/care
Clinical sign: Dendritic branching staining pattern on flurescin staining of eye
Herpes simplex virus
Elderly patient with “red eye” with nausea and vomiting likely indicates…
….high intraocular pressure
Definitive reatment for acute angle closure glaucoma
Laser peripheral iridotomy
Clinical sign: Leukocoria
When a white pupillary reflex is noted rather than normal on a fundoscopic exam which can indicate malignant lethal tumor called retinoblastoma, assume tumor until proven otherwise
Possible causes of leukocoria (4)
- Retinoblastoma
- Toxocariasis
- Coat’s disease
- Congenital cataracts
