Immune Physiology Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards
8/26/19
Lymphatic drainage left side vs right
Left side is handled by thoracic duct emptying into subclavian vein and is all of lower limb, all of left side up to head, right side is handled by right lymphatic duct emptying into right subclavian vein and is only right side of upper limb to head
Lymph composition varies depending on… What is an example of this?
…where it is found in the body, an example is GI tract lymph having more fats
Lymph node function
Act as a filter to prevent invading organisms from entering blood stream by serving as a proliferation site for immune cells to multiply and fight off infection
Example of active natural acquired immunity
Infection
Example of active artificial acquired immunity
Immunization
Example of passive natural acquired immunity
Maternal antibodies
Example of passive artificial acquired immunity
Exogenous antibody infusion
CBC with diff
Test that determines the complete blood count and determining if certain cell types are elevated or penic
2 types of B cells
Plasma cells
Memory cells
2 cell types that have MHC Class II
The professional APC’s including macrophages and B cells
What cell type recognizes MHC Class II?
T helper cells
A lack of MHC class I, or an alteration of the structure, results in this specific process in 1 of 3 ways
….cell death via apoptosis, perforation, or inhibition of replication
A CD4 count below ___ indicates ___
200, AIDS
CD4 T Cell function, what type of MHC does it interact with? What mediated immunity is it?
T helper cells activate B cells and release cytokines, interact with MHC class II, and promote cell mediated immunity
CD8 T cell function, what type of MHC does it interact with? What mediated immunity is it?
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill cancerous/infected/diseased cells, interact with MHC class I, and promote cell mediated immunity
NK cell function, what mediated immunity is it?
Kill virus related cells independant of MHC, innate immunity
Defining characteristics of the neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, and monocyte
Neutrophil - small suicidal cells that form pus
eosinophil - present in parasitic reactions and allergic reactions
Basophils - allergic reactions
Monocytes - circulate in blood and travel to tissues where they become macrophages
Leukocytosis
Presence of WBC, can be due to stress, infection, or cancer
Leukopenia
Low WBC count, can be seen in viral infections
Cytokines can be either ____ or _____
pro or anti inflammatory
IgA characteristics (2 key things)
Present in mucosal immunity, present in breast milk
Small # with celiac disease also have ___, therefore it is essential to test for this when testing for celiac to avoid any false neg
IgA deficiency
IgE characteristics (2 key things)
Present in allergies by stimulating histamine release, attracts eosinophils
IgG characteristics (3 key things)
Crosses placenta, indicative of 2ndary immune response, activates complement
IgM characterists (2 key tings)
Primary immune response, activates compliment
List the 3 types of phagocytes
1) Neutrophils
2) Macrophages
3) Dendritic cells
The innate immune response causes 3 things
- complement activation
- inflammation
- phagocytosis and presentation on APC
Type 1,2, and 3 sensitivities are ___ dependent, while type 4 is not
Antibody
Type 1 hypersensitivity
Anaphylactic reaction from degranulation of mast cells and release of inflammatory mediators, often IgE antibody is the source and it is immediate
Type 2 hypersensitivity
Host cellular destruction after small antigens bind covalently to cell surface structures causing it to appear foreign to the immune system and face the humoral response
Type 3 hypersensitivity
Immunocomplex formed when protein antigens bind to IgG made against them, then become deposited in different parts of the body that activates compliment system to initiate inflammation and physical damage
Type 4 hypersensitivity
Delayed onset, Effector T cell cause that results in cell death, such as from contact dermatitis
