self assessment quiz

Question 1

Along with Parotid, Zygomatic, and Mandibular, what other major paired salivary glands are present in the dog and cat?

Answer 1

sublingual

Question 2

Over which premolar does the Parotid gland open over in the upper buccal area?

Answer 2

maxillary fourth premolar

Question 3

Which striated muscle within the pharyngeal wall will dilate the pharynx?

Answer 3

stylopharyngeus caudalis

Question 4

How many permanent adult teeth should a dog have?

Answer 4

42

Question 5

Put the swallowing process steps in order (with the top of the list being the first thing that happens, and the bottom of the list the last thing that happens)

Answer 5

1. tongue moves food around mouth and with saliva to become bolus
2. the epiglottis covers the larynx and trachea
3. breathing is suspended and the esophagus dilates
4. the bolus passes up and over the larynx into the esophagus
5. the esophagus recloses and the epiglottis un covers the trachea
6. the bolus moves down the esophagus and enters the stomach

Question 6

What type of tooth is also known as “long or high crown” as the majority of the tooth is hidden in the jaw bone?

Answer 6

hypsodont

Question 7

What type of pulp apex is required for teeth that are continually erupting?

Answer 7

open apex

Question 8

What type of animals have ‘closed’ root type teeth, which means they erupt to a fixed height only.

Answer 8

carnivores and omnivores

Question 9

Which dental nerve would be appropriate to block when removing only an incisor on the mandible?

Answer 9

middle mental nerve

Question 10

wht type of fermentation occurs in cows

Answer 10

foregut fermentation

Question 11

What is the blood supply of the oesophagus at the thoracic region?

Answer 11

broncho-esophageal artery

Question 12

Roughly what is the capacity of food material in the caecum in horses?

Answer 12

25-35L

Question 13

What is the divide between the two regions of the stomach (glandular and keratinised) in horses and pigs called?

Answer 13

margo plicatus

Question 14

Which part of the avian GI tract is muscular, and has powerful contractions to help crush food? It contains grit to aid in grinding.

Answer 14

gizzard

Question 15

You identify a circumscribed epidermal elevation containing clear fluid on the snout of a pig. It is less than 5mm in size. What is this called?

Answer 15

a vesicle

Question 16

You are at a farm visit and based on the clinical signs of a cow you have examined, you think she has foot and mouth disease. What is your biggest concern for the remaining animals on the farm?

Answer 16

it is highly contagious

Question 17

what type of gastric cell releases histamine

Answer 17

ECL cells

Question 18

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract of the cow has the lamellae and papillae as shown in the post mortem image below?

Answer 18

omasum

Question 19

Which vessel provides venous drainage from the stomach?

Answer 19

hepatic portal vein

Question 20

Fill in the blank: High fat content in the rumen will ……………………………………………… microbial activity

Answer 20

depress

Question 21

What is the normal rumen pH?

Answer 21

6.5

Question 22

What plant matter can cause “frothy bloat” in cattle?

Answer 22

clover

Question 23

Define: gluconeogenesis

Answer 23

the creation of new glucose products

Question 24

Fill in the blank: Bile salts in aqueous solution tend to form aggregates or …………… which are amphiphilic.

Answer 24

micelles

Question 25

What is the outcome for 95% of bile salts?

Answer 25

they are recycled nd reused

Question 26

What is the triadan formulae for an adult male horse with all possible teeth present.

Answer 26

I (3/3), C (1/1), P (4/4), M (3/3)

Question 27

On the attached radiograph, this canine patient has received a positive contrast agent. What radiographic view has been taken to achieve this image?

Answer 27

ventral dorsal

Question 28

Where does the head of the spleen attach in the canine abdomen?

Answer 28

on the greater curvature of the stomach

Question 29

Which animal species does not have a gall bladder?

Answer 29

horse

Question 30

What should be the primary component of the diet for small animals (rabbits etc.) to help prevent dental disease?

Answer 30

fibre