8. feed intake Flashcards

1
Q

what factors affect digestibility

A
  • food composition
  • diet/ration composition
  • preparation (rolling/crushing/heating)
  • enzyme supplementation
  • animal facotrs (individual/species variation)
  • level of feeding
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2
Q

what is lignin

A
  • not a carbohydrate
  • a complex cross linked polymer of three derivatives of phenylpropane
  • has high resistance to chemical degradation (poorly digestible)
  • wood, straw and hay are high in lignin
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3
Q

how is food intake controlled

A
  • physical (stomach size/rumen size/crop size/pregnancy)
  • chemical (glucose, CCK, VFAs)
  • nervous/hormonal (leptin/ghrelin)
  • physiological (energy density = low density food eat more of)
  • sensory appraisal/palatability, appetitie, illness, heat, obesity, availibility
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4
Q

why do we need to predict/estimate food intake

A
  • diet formulation
  • feed availibility
  • feed budgeting
  • reducing feed waste
  • determining stock desnities
  • conservation management
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5
Q

how do we predict food intake

A
  • based on animal weight
  • rule of thumb ~ 2-3% bodyweight
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6
Q

how do we optimise voluntary food intake

A
  • clean troughs
  • enough space (reduce competition)
  • keeping feed infront of animals at all times (minimise time between orts)
  • adequate, clean potable water
  • good quality feed (no mould)
  • mixed forages
  • short chop length
  • increase palatability
  • TMR
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7
Q

what is the issue with feeding short chop length to adult ruminants

A

decreases transit time therefore decreases direstability
- longer fibres have to stay in the GIT for longer

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