Seizures/Epilepsy Flashcards
What drugs can lower the seizure threshold?
What AED is an enzyme inhibitor?
What is the phenytoin dose formula?
Carbapenems(imipenem), lithium, meperidine, penicillin, quinolones, theophylline, clozapine, bupropion, tramadol, varenicline.
Valproic acid (increases lamotrigine levels).
Total phenytoin measure/ (0.2 x albumin) + 0.1
What are the increase gaba AED’s?
What are the Na channel blockers and the Ca channel blocker?
What to know about Lamotrigine?
Benzos, valproic acid.
Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Ethosuximide.
Lamictal, Weeks 1 and 2 is 25 mg daily., Lamictal starter kit and ODT, XR. Serious skin reactions, SJS/TEN.
What to know about Levetiracetam?
What to know about Topiramate?
What to know about valproic acid?
Keppra, IV: PO ratio 1:1. Psychiatric reactions, including psychotic symptoms, somnolence, fatigue, no significant drug interactions.
Topamax. Also used for migraine prophylaxis. metabolic acidosis, oligohidrosis, nephrolithiasis, hyperammonemia, fetal harm, somnolence, weight loss, anorexia, electrolytes (especially bicarb), intraocular pressure.
Depakene, Depacon, Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakote Sprinkle, used for bipolar and migraine prophylaxis, 50-100 mcg/mL therapeutic range, hepatic failure, fetal harm (neural tube defects), lower IQ scores, hyperammonemia with carnitine, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, weight gain, LFT’s, baseline and monitor in first 6 months, platelets.
What to know about Carbamazepine?
What to know about Lacosamide?
What ot know about Oxcarbazepine?
Tegretol, Tegretol XR, Therapeutic 4-12 mcg, BBW is serious skin reactions HLA-B 1502, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, Myelosuppression, hyponatremia (SIADH), fetal harm. CBC and platelets, Na, inducer, autoinducer lower level of other drugs and itself. Autoinducer will lower its own levels, strong inducer P-glycoprotein.
Lamictal, C-V, Prolongs PR interval, increase risk of arrhythmias.
Trileptal, HLA-B 1502 hyponatremia.
What to know about Phenobarbital?
What to know about Phenytoin?
How to administer phenytoin?
20-40 mcg is therapeutic range, habit forming, respiratory depression, fetal harm, physiological dependance, tolerance, hangover effect, non-hormonal contraceptive use is bad, strong inducer.
Dilantin, Dilantin infatabs. IV: PO ratio is 1:1. 10-20 mcg/mL. Phenytoin IV rate should not exceed 50 mg/minute, fosphenytoin is 150 mg PE/minute, faster and cardiac arrhythmias if faster, extravasation (purple glove syndrome), HLA-B 1502 and fetal harm, nystagmus, ataxia, diplopia, gingival hyperplasia, hair growth, hepatotoxicity, LFTs, IV cardiac and respiratory monitoring.
Requires a filter, stable for 4 hours, tube feeds lower absorption, high protein binding, strong inducer, non hormonal contraceptive recommended.
What to know about Eslicarbazepine?
What to know about Ethosuximide?
What to know about Felbamate?
active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, Lower Na.
Zarontin, absence, SJS/TEN, blood dyscrasias.
Felbatol, hepatic failure, aplastic anemia.
What to know about Gabapentin?
What to know about cannabidiol?
What to know about Primidone?
peripheral edema, somnolence, peripheral edema, weight gain, neuropathic pain treatment.
Epidiolex.
Prodrug of phenobarbital.
What to know about Vigabatrin?
What to know about zonisamide?
Permanent vision loss
Don’t use if hypersensitive to sulfonamides, oligohidrosis/hyperthermia primarily in children, nephrolithiasis.
