Section 6 Exam Review Flashcards
Increase in plasma K+ concentration will lead to:
aldosterone secretion
Activity of what results in iodination?
thyroid peroxidase
True or False? TSH can increase the activity of the iodide pump.
T
Main source of thyroid hormones in the plasma:
T4
In which part of the nephron is water reabsorbed via ADH?
Distal collecting suct
Effect of ADH on capillary hydrostatic pressure:
decreases
When does ADH target the vasculature?
at higher levels
What happens in response to an elevated calcium level?
an initial increase in phosphate excretion
True or False? secretion of CRH increases if the infundibulm stalk is cut.
T
What levels decrease if the infundibulum stalk is cut?
ACTH, testosterone, estrogen, vasopression (ADH) (everything but prolactin and CRH)
What levels increase if the infundibulum stalk is cut?
secretion of prolactin and CRH
What stimulates osteocytes to reabsorb Ca and P from the bone?
PTH (osteocytic osteolysis)
Hypoglycemia increases the secretion of:
cortisol, epinephrine, glucagon, growth hormone
True or False? Hypoglycemia increases the secretion of somatostatin.
F
What does the influence of glucose on insulin secretion require?
glucose metabolism within the islet cell
How will a high protein meal affect growth hormone levels/
increased growth hormone
List insulin sensitive cells:
fat, liver, and muscle
What is the prevention of hypoglycemia primarily regulated by?
glucagon
What does glucagon stimulate?
lipolysis in adipocytes
Pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands:
prolactin
What type of interaction does thyroid hormone have in regards to its actions on IGF-1?
permissive
From where do osteocytes resorb Ca and P when stimulated by phosphate?
bone
Decreased levels of calcium ionsin the blood stimulate the secretion of what hormone?
PTH
Which cells have calcitonin receptors?
osteoclasts
Elevated plasma calcium levels are sensed by what cells?
chief cells
Vitamin D intoxication results in:
elevated plasma calcium and phosphate
Describe pathway if vitamin D levels are too high:
Vitamin D through skin or diet. processed in liver, then to kidney. If kidney senses too much calcium it will tell PTH to secrete less.
Premature closure of the epiphyseal plates could be caused by:
elevated levels of estrogen
Product of the SRY gene:
testis determining factor
True or False? Aromatase is the rate-limiting enzymes responsible for the production of weak androgens.
T? (check)
Affect of LH on Leydig cells:
tells them to secrete testosterone
Role of the pituitary hormone FSH in males:
initiate sperm production in the testes
What is triggered by the surge in LH that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle?
ovulation
Principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum:
progesterone
Mestruation is triggered by a drop in:
estrogen and progesterone
A pregnant woman with an inadequate oral intake of calcium, supplies for her developign fetus comes from:
bones
Blood levels affected in hyperthyroidism:
undetectable TSH and elevated serum free T3
Action of the ovary in the follicular phase of the ovaian cycle:
maturing follicle
Hypothalamic hormone released into the circulation in response to fluid depletion:
ADH
True or False? Oxytocin induces parturition.
F.
Where is oxytocin produced?
in the paraventricular unclesu of the hypothalamus
What can oxytocin prevent?
excessibv bleeding after placental delivery
What type of relex oxytocin release?
neuro-endocrine reflex
What can elicit the release of oxytocin?
emotional state
What effect does growth hormone have on pancreatic beta cells?
beta cells are stimulated
How is insulin secretion affected by glucose metabolism/
insulin secretion is stimulated
Osteocytic osteolysis is controlled by this hormone:
PTH
