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Physiology > Section 5 - Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Section 5 - Lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What must be subtracted from total barometric pressure when calculating the pressure of gas in alveolus and trachea?

A

Water vapor pressure

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2
Q

True or False? All gas is fully saturated.

A

T

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3
Q

Factors affecting diffusion and transport of gas:

A

surface area, partial pressure differences, advantageous diffusion properties

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4
Q

Graham’s Law:

A

the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles

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5
Q

how much faster does CO2 diffuse across the membranes than O2?

A

20 times faster than O2

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6
Q

Conductance is affected by:

A

surface area, diffusion constant, and pressure difference

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7
Q

True or False? O2 and Co2 exchange in the lungs is perfusion limited.

A

T

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8
Q

Is cardiac output diffusion limited?

A

yes

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9
Q

Do gases bound to hemoglobin exert a pressure?

A

no

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10
Q

CO2 in capillary blood remains at zero but is

A

high in the blood, low solubility gas moves from the alveolus to the blood without restriction

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11
Q

Normal PaO2:

A

100

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12
Q

When will it take longer for the alveoli to reach its full volume?

A

increase resistance or decrease compliance

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13
Q

Partial pressure of any gas, either in the alveoli or in the blood =

A

the fractional concentration of the gas (F) times the total barometric pressure (PB)

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14
Q

What is barometric pressure?

A

760 mm Hg

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15
Q

What is FO2 for inspired air?

A

0.21 (fractional concentration)

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16
Q

What is the partial pressure of inspired O2?

A

160 mm Hg

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17
Q

Pressure of oxygen in trachea:

A

150 mm Hg

18
Q

Pressure of N2 in trachea:

A

563 mm Hg

19
Q

Do gases that are soluble or insoluble in blood diffuse faster?

A

insoluble (check)

20
Q

Are insoluble gases in the blood perfusion limited?

A

yes

21
Q

List insoluble gases:

A

anesthetic gases, NO

22
Q

Are gases with low solubility in alveolar-capillary membrane, but high in solubility in the blood because of affinity to hemoglobin diffusion limited?

A

yes, i.e. O2 and Co2

23
Q

Duration for equilibrium of O2 and CO2 to be reached:

A

0.25 seconds, even in high blood flow

24
Q

Is there a greater uptake of O2 in ml/min or elimination force Co2 in ml/min in respiration?

A

uptake (25% more)

25
Q

Normal respiratory exchanges ratio:

A

0.8

26
Q

Do we inspire more N2 or O2?

A

N2

27
Q

Pressure of H20 at 37 degree C in the lungs:

A

47 mm Hg

28
Q

How much of a pressure drop in CO2 is there when passing through the lungs from pulmonary artery to pulmonary vein?

A

6 mm Hemoglobin (46 -40 mm Hg)

29
Q

How much of a pressure increase in O2 is there when passing through the lungs from pulmonary artery to pulmonary vein?

A

60 mm Hg

30
Q

How much pressure of CO2 is added via metabolism?

A

6 mm Hg

31
Q

What is the alveolar time constant related to?

A

How fast blood moves through capillaries

32
Q

Time constant =

A

airways resistance X compliance

33
Q

Do alveolar units with long time constant fill and empty quickly or slowly?

A

slowly

34
Q

Will an alveolar unit with increased compliance fill and empty at a slower or faster rate?

A

slower (take longer)

35
Q

Why does an increase in compliance lead to longer filling and emptying time in the alveolar units?

A

more gas goes to upper alveoli, more time for gas to equilibrate bw upper and lower parts of the lungs, takes longer to expire the same amount of air

36
Q

Normal inspiratory and expiratory times:

A

in: 2 seconds, out: 3 seconds

37
Q

How much time is require for the alveoli to fill almost completely?

A

2 seconds

38
Q

Is carbon monoxide diffusion limited?

A

yes

39
Q

2 factors that will decreases perfusion across lungs

A

decreases surface area or increases thickness,

40
Q

Will exercises decrease or increase transit time?

A

decrease

Physiology (55 decks)

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