SCIENCE 1st summative Flashcards
the seafloor was formed by
mid-ocean ridges that
spread in both directions.
Seafloor Spreading Theory
geologic process that takes place
when tectonic plates diverge,
resulting in the creation of new
ocean floors.
Seafloor Spreading Theory
an American geologist,
professor, and military officer,
proposed the seafloor spreading
theory in 1960s.
Harry Hess
a scientist with the US coast and
Geodetic Survey, coined the term
“seafloor spreading”
Robert S. Dietz
are areas
where tectonic plates dive
beneath other plates into
the earth’s interior.
Subduction zones
It occurs when two plates push
against each other. While one plate
dives beneath another, the crust is
destroyed and recycled back into
the earth’s interior.
(Colliding Boundary)
Convergent
this boundary also known as the
destructive plate boundary.
(Colliding Boundary)
Convergent
____________________________ ________________ boundaries
occur when two continental plates move towards
each other. Both plates are less dense, so neither
subducts under the other. Instead, the plates
collide and push upwards forming large mountain
ranges.
Continental-to-continental
convergent
When oceanic crust collides with a continent, an
_____________________________________ _____________boundary forms.
The oceanic plate is denser, so it undergoes
subduction. This means that the oceanic plate sinks
beneath the continent, forming a deep ocean trench
Oceanic-to-continental
convergent
occurs location where two oceanic plates
come together and the denser plate
sinks, or subducts, beneath the less
dense plate, forming a deep ocean trench
Oceanic-to-oceanic
unlike the two boundary types, _________ _____neither creates nor destroys a crust,
hence it is also called conservative boundary
(Lateral Boundary)
Transform Fault
is a zone
where two lithospheric plates
move apart from each other.
A divergent boundary
this boundary also known as the
constructive plate boundary.
(Spreading Boundary)
Divergent
What really is
inside the Earth?
Mechanically
Lithosphere,
Asthenosphere, Mesospheric mantle,
Outer core, and Inner core.
The structure of Earth can be defined
mechanically or chemically.
is the study of the flow of matter
primarily in the liquid state under
conditions at which they respond with
plastic flow rather than deforming
elastically in response to an applied
force.
RHEOLOGY
is the outermost layer of the Earth.
CRUST
The earth is divided into three main layers namely the
Crust, the mantle and the core.
What really is
inside the Earth? Chemically:
Crust, Upper Mantle, Lower
Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core.
it is the thinnest layer, ranging from about 5 to 70 kilometers in thickness.
CRUST
is the thicker layer of the Earth’s crust that is found under the continents. It is about 35 kilometers thick on average.
continental crust
is the thinner layer of the Earth’s crust that is found under the ocean basins. It is about 7 kilometers thick on average.
oceanic crust.
The crust can be further divided into two types
continental crust and oceanic crust.
The mantle can be divided into an
upper and lower layer.
It is the thickest layer, extending from the base of the crust to a depth of approximately 2,900 kilometers.
MANTLE
is the layer beneath the Earth’s crust.
MANTLE
Is seen as a
highly viscous layer which lies
between the crust and the
lower mantle.
The upper mantle
extends
from just under the upper
mantle to 2,200 km.
The lower mantle
is the innermost layer of the Earth, situated beneath the mantle.
CORE
Rocks at the _______ _______are hot and soft.
LOWER MANTLE
Rocks in the _______ _______ are cooler and brittle enough to break under
stress.
UPPER MANTLE
It is divided into two distinct regions
the outer core and the inner core.
represents
about 4% of the mantle-crust
mass.
OUTER CORE
can be found at the
deepest region of the planet.
INNER CORE
It can be regarded as a
ball of very hot metals.
OUTER CORE
It is
characterized by an extremely high
temperature of about 5,000-6,000
degree Celsius or even higher than the
temperature at the sun’s surface
INNER CORE
