Rx_3.2 (HemOnc)

Question 1

Henoch-Schonlein purpura presentation

Answer 1

• more common in boys
• sx
  
  • palpable prurititc lesions on buttocks and legs
  • arthralgiase
  • fever
  • malaise
  • episodic abdominal pain
• ==> acute renal failure w/proteinuria and hematuria
• glomeruli = IgA + C3 at the mesangium
  
  • normal serum C3

Question 2

Granular pattern on immunofloursence ==>

Answer 2

• PSGN
• subepithelial IgG and C3

Question 3

Adverse effects of asprisin

Answer 3

• tinnitus
• N/V
• GI irritation
• ulcer

Question 4

Zafirlukast: MOA

Answer 4

• blocks leukotriene receptors ==> blocking of mediators of bronchoconstriction in asthma

Question 5

Zileuton: MOA

Answer 5

• inhibits 5-lipooxygenase pathway ==> prevents conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotriens

Question 6

Streptokinase: MOA

Answer 6

• activates conversion of plasminogen ==> plasmin ==> breakdown of clots

Question 7

Characteristics of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome

Answer 7

• caused by massive cytokine release in response to exotoxin
• ==> fever + hypotension + dermatologic presentation + multi-organ system involvement, e.g.:
  
  • GI
  • myalgia
  • renal
  • hepatic
  • hemat
  • CNS
• acute derm presentation = macular rash @ infection site + palms/soles
• derm 2 weeks after onset = palmar/plantar desquamation

Question 8

Anaplasia definition

Answer 8

• irreversible change in which there is a reversion of differentiation (“dedifferentiation”)
• characteristic of aggressive malignant neoplasm

Question 9

Antidote for bleeding due to tPA

Answer 9

• aminocaproic acid ==I conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

Question 10

Tx for hemophilia A

Answer 10

• recombinant factor VIII

Question 11

Stop codons

Answer 11

• UGA
• UAA
• UAG

Question 12

Insertion mutation vs. Frameshift mutation

Answer 12

• frameshift = nucleotide base deletion/insertion that alters reading frame
• insertion mutation = chromosomal abnormality**; **DNA segment from one chromosome is inserted into anon-homologous chromosome, maintaining the appropriate reading frame

Question 13

Drugs that irreversibly bock adenosine diphosphate receptors

Answer 13

• clopidogrel
• ticlopidine
• ==I ADP receptors ==> decreased GIIb/GIIIa on platelets ==> decreased clot formation

Question 14

Urokinase: MOA

Answer 14

• ~tPA
• acts to convert plasminogen ==> plasmin

Question 15

Alteplase: MOA, uses

Answer 15

• = tPA ==> plasminogen ==> plasmin
• uses
  
  • early MIs (if percutaneous coronary intervention is not available)
  • early ischemic stroke
  • contraindicated if >3 hours have passed since onset of sx, or if pt. has abnormal lab values, high BP, or recent surgery

Question 16

First-line tx for testicular carcinoma + SE

Answer 16

• Bleomycin
  
  • induces oxygen radicals during G2 ==> DNA damage ==> arrest of cell cycle
• SE
  
  • alopecia
  • skin changes
  • pulmonary toxicity
    
    • rales, cough
    • interstitial fibrosis