Rx_2.10 (Renal)

Question 1

Nephrolithiasis associated w/pyelo or UTIs

Answer 1

• urease positive (Proteus, Klebsiella, or Staph) organisms ==> increased urinary pH + formation of ammonium magnesium phosphate (struvite) stones
• ==> staghorn calculi

Question 2

Hypercalciuria ==>

Answer 2

• calcium oxalate stone
• calcium phosphate stone

Question 3

hypercystinuria ==>

Answer 3

• cysteine stones
• due to AR defect in amino acid transport

Question 4

hyperuricemia ==>

Answer 4

• uric acid stones <== radiolucent
• due to gout, leukemia

Question 5

Location of WT1 gene

Answer 5

• wilms tumor
• chromosome 11

Question 6

WAGR complex?

Answer 6

• Wilm’s tumor
• Aniridia
• Genitourinary malformation
• mental-motor Retardation

Question 7

Histo results of infiltrate in pyelo?

Answer 7

PMNs

Question 8

Thiazide side effect + tx

Answer 8

• ==> metabolic alkalosis
• due to volume depletion and increased electrolye exretion
• dehydration ==> increased K, decreased Na, decreased bicarbonate secretion ==>
  
  • hypoK
  • hypoCl
• Tx = normal saline
  ​

Question 9

Association w/small cell carcinoma ==> ?

Answer 9

• SIADH
• ADH
  
  • V1 ==> vascular sm m. contraction
  • V2 ==> increased luminal aquaporin density @ distal tubule + collecting duct ==> increased water retention

Question 10

NSAID impact at afferent arteriole

Answer 10

• inhibit PGE synthesis ==> inhibition of dilation ==> constriction

Question 11

BP medication contraindicated in pregnancy

Answer 11

• ACE-i
• can ==> renal agenesis ==> Potter syndrome

Question 12

Acute serum sickness characteristics

Answer 12

• Type III hypersensitivity rxn
• ab-antigen complexes produce tissue damage

Question 13

SLE mechanism of damage @ kidney

Answer 13

Type III hypersensitivity/immune complex deposition