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USMLE Step 1 > Pathoma Carcinogenesis I > Flashcards

Pathoma Carcinogenesis I Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Carcinogens

A

Damage DNA

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2
Q

Aflatoxins (from aspergillus - stored rice, grains)

A

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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3
Q

Alkylating Agents

A

Leukemia/Lymphoma

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4
Q

Alcohol

A

SCC of oropharynx, upper esophagous, HCC Pancreatic carcinoma

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5
Q

Arsenic

A

SCC skin (old timer women-put on skin) Lung cancer (cigarette smoke)

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6
Q

Asbestos

A

Lung carcinoma (more likely) Mesothelioma

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7
Q

Cigarette smoke (Polycyclic hydrocarbons***)

A

Carcinoma of Oropharynx Carcinoma of Lung Carcinoma of Kidney Carcinoma of Bladder Carcinoma of Pancreas

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8
Q

Nitrosamines

A

Stomach carcinoma (Japan-smoked foods) (Intestinal type)

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9
Q

Naphthylamine (Cigarette smoke**)

A

Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

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10
Q

Vinyl chloride (PVC)

A

Angiocarcinoma of the liver

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11
Q

Nickel, Chromium, Beryllium, Silica (occupational exposure)

A

Lung carcinoma

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12
Q

EBV

A

Nasopharygeal carcinoma Burkitt lymphoma CNS lymphoma (AIDS)

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13
Q

Nasopharygeal carcinoma Cx

A

Chinese Male, African male Neck mass

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14
Q

HHV-8

A

Kaposi Sarcoma (tumor of endothelial cells)

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15
Q

Who gets Kaposi sarcoma?

A

Eastern European males (excise) AIDS patients (treat HIV) Transplants (reduce immunosupression)

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16
Q

HBV, HCV (DNA, RNA)

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

17
Q

HTLV-1

A

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

18
Q

HPV (16, 18)

A

SCC vulva, vagina, anus, cervix, adenocarcinoma of the cervix

19
Q

Ionizing radiation (nuclear accident)

A

AML CML Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

20
Q

Ionizing radiation mechanism

A

via hydroxyl free radicals

21
Q

Nonionizing radiation (UVB)

A

Basal cell carcinoma SCC Melanoma of the skin

22
Q

Nonionizing radiation mechanism

A

Pyrimidine dimers in DNA Excised by restriction endonuclease

23
Q

Disease where restriciton endonucleases are non-functioning, leads to high likelihood of skin cancer?

A

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

USMLE Step 1 (97 decks)

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