radiology part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

film base

A

provides support and strength for delicate emulsion,

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2
Q

adhesive layer

A

covers both sides of the film base , attaches emulsion to the base

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3
Q

coating attached to both sides of the film base by the adhesive layer. gives the film greater sensitivity to x-radiation . A homogenous mixture of gelatine and silver halide crystals

A

film emulsion

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4
Q

2 most important ingredients of photographic emulsion

A

gelatin, silver halide crystals

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5
Q

halide crystals

A

chemical compound that is light or radiation sensitive

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6
Q

two types of silver halide crystals in the film emulsion

A

silver bromide, silver iodide

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7
Q

thin, transparent coating placed over the emulsion. Serves to protect the emulsion surface from manipulation as well as mechanical and processing damage

A

protective layer

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8
Q

t/f; silver halide crystals absorb x-radiation during X-ray. exposure and store the energy from the radiation

A

true

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9
Q

latent

A

existing but not yet developed

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10
Q

silver halide process chain

A

latent image, develop, stop, fix, visible image

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11
Q

intra oral film

A

placed inside the mouth

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12
Q

extra oral film

A

placed outside the mouth

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13
Q

duplicating film

A

used to make a identical copy of either intra or oral radiograph

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14
Q

components of intra-oral film packet

A

waterproof outer packaging, black paper wrapper, film, lead foil sheet

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15
Q

what is the identification dot for?

A

small raised bump in the corner, used to distinguish left or right sides when mounting.

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16
Q

on the film where should the white side face and raised dot face ?

A

white - directed toward the tube head

dot- points towards incisal/occlusal surface (for PA)

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17
Q

t/f; lead foil can be disposed of in general waste

A

false

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18
Q

0

A

for very little children (PA) (crown and root)and bitewing (BW) film

19
Q

1

A

used in adult anterior PA with the paralleling technique

20
Q

2

A

standard film, used for adults posterior PA and BW. Anterior PA with the bisecting technique .

21
Q

3

A

used for extra long BW in adults. One film covers all teeth on one side of the mouth

22
Q

4

A

used for occlusal films in adults only

23
Q

periodical film (PA)

A

Used to examine entire tooth (crown and root) supporting bone

24
Q

what size films can you use for periodical film

A

size 0,1,2

25
Q

bitewing film

A

used to examine the crowns of both max and mand.

Useful in examining inter proximal or adjacent tooth surfaces

26
Q

what bitewing helps you look for

A

caries, examine pulp chamber, overhangs, calculus

27
Q

what sizes used for bitewing

A

0,1,2,3,

28
Q

occlusal film

A

used for examination of the max or mand

29
Q

t/f; occlusal film is larger than periodical or bitewing films

A

true

30
Q

what occlusal film help you look for

A

retained roots, fractures, changes in size/shape of max and mand, salivary stones

31
Q

what film sizes are used for occlusal film

A

2- used for occlusal exam on children

4- to show large areas of the upper or lower jaw

32
Q

refers to the amount of radiation required to produce a radiograph of standard density

A

film speed

33
Q

f-speed

A

has larger halide crystals than d-speed.

34
Q

larger the crystal

A

faster the film speed

35
Q

t/f; faster film creates images that are less sharp due to large crystal size

A

true

36
Q

how much % reduction is f-speed compared to d-speed

A

60% reduction of the exposure time

37
Q

gives overall view of the entire dentition, both max and mand, helpful for the third molar extractions

A

panoramic film

38
Q

before taking a pan you should

A

explain procedure, place double sided apron, remove all jewelry anything that interferes

39
Q

used by orthodontists for measuring cranial growth and development

A

cephalometric film

40
Q

provides info on the head of the condyle, gelnoid fossa & articular eminence

A

tmj

41
Q

used with intensifying screen, reduces amount of radiation to patient

A

screen films

42
Q

does not require use of intensifying screen for exposure, requires more exposure time than screen film

A

non-screen films

43
Q

cassette

A

used to hold the extra-oral film and intensifying screen

44
Q

not exposed to X-rays, used only in the dark room, has emulsion on one side

A

duplicating film