MIDTERM Flashcards
anatomy
study of shape and structure
physiology
study of how body functions
midsaggital AKA median plane
vertical plane divides body into equal left/right halves
sagittal plane
divides the body, from top to bottom, into unequal left and right portions.
horizontal plane aka transverse plane
divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.
cavity located at the back of the body is
dorsal cavity
cavity located at the front of the body
ventral cavity
contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea
thoracic cavity
houses the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and most of the intestines.
abdominal cavity
axial
consists of head neck and trunk
appendicular
consists of the arms and legs
body tissue that bind and support other tissues
connective
federal government lead agency for scientific research on oral, dental, and craniofacial disease
NIDCR
2 major cavities in the body
dorsal/ ventral
tonsils are located where
posterior of the oral cavity
space between the tooth and free gingival is
gingival sulcus
bone that separates each alveolus
interdental septum
which cells for dentin
odontoblasts
how many posteriors in the permanent dentition
20
how many molars are there in permanent dentition
12
study causes of the disease
etiology
which item is not recommended to use a dental use
sodium hypochlorite
correct autoclave technique
121 degree, 15 psi, 20 min
malpractice
professional negligence
study of the structure and function of tissues on a microscopic level
histology
study of prenatal development
embryology
most critical period
embryonic period , beginning of 2nd week to the end of the 8th week
proliferate
increase in number
differentiate
change into tissues and organs
fetal period
9th week - birth
ectoderm layer
outer layer
mesoderm layer
middle layer
endoderm layer
inner layer
first sign of tooth development is found where
anterior mandibular region
supernumerary teeth
extra teeth in the dentition
macrodontia/microdontia
abnormally large teeth
abnormally small teeth
osteoblasts/osetoclasts
responsible for new bone formation .
bone cells are resorbed
bud stage aka
initiation
cap stage aka
proliferation
bell stage aka
histodifferentiation
ameloblasts which are
enamel forming cells
odontoblasts which are
dentin-forming cells
maxilla must be
parallel to the floor
midsagittal plane is
perpendicular to the floor
areas of most sensitive gag reflex
soft palate and a posterior-lateral third of the tongue
anatomic crown/clinical crown
a portion of the tooth covered by enamel
a portion of the tooth visible in the mouth
metal in an amalgam that slows done setting time
tin
the bone that separates each alveolus
interdental septum
papillae which cover the entire tongue to provide the sense of touch
filiform
extraoral film cassetes are
rigid and flexible
term for specialized cells
differentiation
the earliest sign of tooth development appear during pregnancy
1st trimester
corners of the lips are called
commissures
striated muscle aka
voluntary muscle
first oral indicator of syphillis
chancre sore
exposure factor that controls contrast
kvp
most resistant form of bacteria
spores
father of microbiolgy
Louis Pasteur
cone is pointing upward this is a ______ vertical angle
negative
MA setting will directly affect
film density
when adjusting kvp it will affect the films
density
vertical angulation of the PID creates
foreshortening & elongation
Which nerve passes through the mandibular foramen (of the mandible)
inferior alveolar nerve
which cranial nerve innervates all muscles of mastication
fifth
name of horseshoe-shaped bone where muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach
hyoid
largest salivary gland
parotid
artery behind the ramus and has 5 branches
inferior alveolar artery
which artery supplies maxillary molars, premolars, teeth and gingiva
posterior superior alveolar artery
how many parts of cranial nerves are connected to the brain
12 pairs
which type of dental examination would lymph nodes be palpated
extraoral examination
term for enlarged or palpable lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
pear-shaped pad or tissue behind the maxillary incisors
incisive papilla
the thin fold of mucous membrane that extends from the floor of the mouth to the underside of the tongue
lingual frenum
junction of two tooth surfaces of a tooth is the
line angle
term for how teeth are positioned during chewing is
functional occlusion
someone who has an incorrect bite has a diagnosis of
malocclusion
classification is neutroclusion
class 1
name for the developmental horizontal lines on anterior teeth
imbrication lines
what features border the occlusal table of a posterior tooth
marginal ridges
bacteria that cause dental caries
mutans streptococci
mineral in enamel makes the crystal easier to dissolve
carbonated apatite
dental caries that occur under or adjacent t to existing dental restorations is termed
recurrent caries
a patient with the rapid and extensive formation of caries is given a diagnosis of
rampant caries
lesions BELOW the surface
ulcers
lesions ABOVE the surface
blisters
lesions are even with the surface
bruises
condition results from an infection caused by a yeastlike fungus
leukoplakia
cause for radiation caries
lack of saliva
common precancerous lesion among users of smokeless tobacco
leukoplakia
macrognathia/micrognathia
abnormally large jaw
abnormally small jaw
bony growths in the palate
torus palatinus
what agency released infection control guidelines
CDC
sterile gloves would most commonly be worn for
surgical procedure
primary role of the CDC
public health
primary focus of OSHA
employees
Focal spot in the anode
tungsten target
overall darkness or blackness of a radiograph
contrast
aluminum plate
avoids long waves
who discovered X-rays
w.c. roentgen
first person to expose a dental radiograph
Otto walkhoff
a structure that appears dark
structure that appears light
radiolucent
radiopaque
The solution that removes the silver halide crystals that were not exposed to radiation is the
developer
Which of the following can cause white spots if splashed on radiographs during processing?
fixer
Which of the following can cause black spots if splashed on radiographs during processing?
developer
The embossed dot or “bump” on the film packet is always placed:
toward PID
