environmental infection control ch 19&20

Question 1

t/f; sinks that have been used by pt to expectorate in or sinks that have been used to decontaminate instruments must be cleaned, disinfected, and identified before being used by DHCP for hand washing

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

rubber dam

Answer 2

provides an effective barrier to the spread of microbes

Question 3

do not come into contact with patients or devices.
limited risk of disease transmission
if surface is contaminated with blood/saliva it should be cleaned/disinfected with low-level

Answer 3

housekeeping surfaces

Question 4

high potential for direct contamination from spray or spatter or by contact with DHCP gloved hand. These surfaces can contaminate other instruments, devices, hands, or gloves

Answer 4

clinical contact surfaces

Question 5

touch surfaces

Answer 5

directly touched or contaminated eg) chair, switches, light handles

Question 6

transfer surfaces

Answer 6

not directly touched but often are touched by contaminated instruments eg) instrument tray, handpiece holders

Question 7

splash spatter and droplet surfaces

Answer 7

do not actually contact DHCP or contaminated instruments eg) countertops

Question 8

two methods used to deal with surface contamination are

Answer 8

1- prevent surfaces from being contaminated by using surface barriers
2- pre-clean and disinfect surface between patients

Question 9

surface barriers

Answer 9

placed on surfaces to prevent contamination.
especially benefit hard to clean areas
Should be removed with gloves, don’t touch the surface underneath or you will have to clean it.

Question 10

disposable items

Answer 10

single-use items, usually made up of plastic, never sterilized always dispose

Question 11

bioburden

Answer 11

number of bacteria living on a surface that has not been sterilized

Question 12

pre-cleaning

Answer 12

clean before disinfecting, to reduce the number of microbes and remove blood and saliva called bioburden

Question 13

disinfection

Answer 13

the process that kills some but not all microbial life.
Does not kill spores
Always done after cleaning on countertops and equipment

Question 14

disinfectants

Answer 14

chemicals that destroy or inactive most pathogens

Are applied to countertops and dental equipment

Question 15

antiseptics

Answer 15

a substance that prevents or arrests the growth or action of microorganisms.
Applied to living tissues

Question 16

disinfections are used for only two purposes

Answer 16

1-holding solution for dirty instruments prior to their cleaning and sterilization
2-as a surface disinfectant for working areas contaminated with blood, saliva, debris

Question 17

sterilization

Answer 17

destruction of ALL microbial life, including spores, viruses, bacteria, and fungi

Question 18

kill some bacteria and viruses, not tuberculocidal and sporicidal. For surfaces not contaminated with blood

Answer 18

low-level disinfectants

Question 19

(hospital disinfectant) do not destroy spores. Are tuberculocidal (kills mycobacterium tuberculosis) For non-critical items or surfaces that have been contaminated with blood or saliva

Answer 19

intermediate-level disinfectant

Question 20

sporicidal that kills all forms of bacteria including spores. For semi-critical items that cannot tolerate heat sterilization

Answer 20

high level disinfectants/chemical sterilants