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Dental assisting > medical emergency > Flashcards

medical emergency Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 vital signs

A

pulse rate, respiration, temperature, blood pressure

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2
Q

factors that influence vital signs

A

emotional; stress, fear

physical; illness, drinking, being rushed

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3
Q

what is the normal pulse rate for adult and children of 10+yrs

A

60-100 beats per minute

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4
Q

what is the normal pulse rate for children 1-10 yrs

A

70-130 beats per minute

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5
Q

what is the normal pulse rate birth to age 1

A

100-150 beats per minute

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6
Q

Tachycardia

A

increased pulse

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7
Q

bradycardia

A

decreased pulse

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8
Q

what caused increased pulse rates (tachycardia)

A

smoking, exercise, coffee, infections

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9
Q

what causes decreased pulse rates (bradycardia)

A

depressants, fasting, sleep deprivation

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10
Q

number of beats that occur during the counting period

A

rate

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11
Q

the pattern of the beats, such as skipping, speeding up, or slowing down of a beat

A

rhythm

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12
Q

the force of the beat, such as a strong or a weak beat

A

volume

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13
Q

radial artery

A

located on the inner surface of the wrist

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14
Q

what is the most commonly used artery in the dental office

A

radial artery

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15
Q

brachial artery

A

located on the inner fold of the arm. Also referred to as the “antecubital area” of the elbow

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16
Q

what artery is used when taking a patients blood pressure

A

brachial artery

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17
Q

carotid artery

A

found below the angle of the mandible.

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18
Q

which artery has the strongest pulse

A

carotid artery

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19
Q

what is the pulse rate

A

the rhythmic expansion of an artery as the heartbeats

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20
Q

what is respiration

A

a process of inhaling and exhaling. Function to supply oxygen to the tissues and elimante co2

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21
Q

Adult respiration values

A

10 -20 breaths per minute

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22
Q

child respiration values

A

18-30 breaths per minute

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23
Q

infant values (breaths)

A

30-50 breaths per minute

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24
Q

t/f; respiration in adult males is primarily abdominal (from the diaphragm)

A

true

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25
Q

t/f; respiration in adult females is primarily coastal ( from the chest)

A

true

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26
Q

apnea

A

absence of breathing

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27
Q

dyspnea

A

painful and difficult breathing

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28
Q

hyperpnea

A

increased rate of respiration

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29
Q

rales

A

bubbling, rattling, crackling sound

30
Q

define temperature

A

degree of hotness or coldness of the body internal environment

31
Q

average oral reading

A

37 degree/ 98.6 F

32
Q

normal oral range

A

36.4-37.3 degree / 97.6-99 F

33
Q

oral

A

under tongue

34
Q

tympanic

A

ear

35
Q

axillary

A

underarm

36
Q

rectal

A

anal

37
Q

forehead

A

temporal

38
Q

types of thermometers

A

glass, digital, tympanic, temporal scanner

39
Q

medulla oblongata

A

the control center of the brain.

Controls blood pressure pulse and respiration

40
Q

temperature is controlled by the

A

hypothalamus

41
Q

Define blood pressure

A

amount of labor the heart has to exert to pump blood throughout the body

42
Q

systolic pressure

A

sharp tapping sounds.

The highest pressure is exerted by the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart

43
Q

diastolic pressure

A

soft tapping sounds.
Reflects the heart muscle at rest, allowing the heart to take in blood to be oxygenated before the next contraction occurs

44
Q

normal blood pressure should be

A

less than 120/80

45
Q

hypertension

A

higher than normal blood pressure

46
Q

hypotension

A

lower than normal blood pressure

47
Q

hypertension stage 1

A

140-159/90-99

48
Q

hypertension stage 2

A

160-179/100-109

49
Q

hypertension stage 3

A

higher than 180/110 emergency care is needed

50
Q

sphygmomanometer (cuff and gauge)

A

the instrument used to measure blood pressure by controlling the flow of the blood In the artery

51
Q

stethoscope

A

used to amplify korotkoff sounds that occur within the artery

52
Q

korotkoff sounds

A

sounds produced by the blood rushing back into the brachial artery, which has been collapsed by the pressure of the bp cuff

53
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregularity in the force or rhythm of the heartbeat

54
Q

tachycardia

A

increased pulse

55
Q

bradycardia

A

resting heart rates that are abnormally low

56
Q

fetid

A

foul breath may indicate a lung, bronchial or digestive infection or disorder

57
Q

acetone

A

the sweet, fruity breath may indicate diabetes

58
Q

ammonia

A

indicates kidney problems

59
Q

alcohol

A

the patient may have been drinking or taking certain drugs

60
Q

color of an oxygen tank

A

green

61
Q

components of oxygen equipment

A

oxygen tank, regulator, pressure gauge, flowmeter, face mask

62
Q

nitroglycerin

A

vasodilator for angina will increase oxygenated blood supply to the heart

63
Q

antihistamines

A

for allergic reactions

64
Q

epinephrine

A

pre-loaded EpiPen for anaphylactic shock

65
Q

bronchodilator

A

for asthma

66
Q

(emergency kit) pocket mask

A

for mouth to mouth ventilation

67
Q

(emergency kit) ammonia inhalent

A

for fainting (syncope)

68
Q

(emergency kit) sugar cubes

A

for hypoglycemia/insulin shock

69
Q

(emergency kit) atropine

A

to increase pulse rate

70
Q

unconsciousness

A

syncope/fainting

71
Q

altered consciousness

A

hypoglycemia( insulin shock) is most common or abnormally low blood sugar

72
Q

what are an abscessed tooth and the signs and symptoms

A

one of the most common dental emergencies, tooth has become infected.
symptoms include pain, swelling and heat

Dental assisting (57 decks)

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