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Dental assisting > instrument processing & sterilization ch 21 > Flashcards

instrument processing & sterilization ch 21 Flashcards

1
Q

critical instruments

A

touch bone or penetrate soft tissue, risk of disease transmission is very high

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2
Q

semi-critical instruments

A

touch mucous membranes or non-intact skin. Sterilize with heat or high-level disinfect. Eg) mouth mirror, amalgam condensers

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3
Q

non-critical instruments and devices

A

contact intact skin only.

Clean and disinfect using low to intermediate level disinfectant. Least risk of transmitting infection.

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4
Q

t/f; should proceed in single loop/linear flow from dirty-clean-sterilized. Never double back to the contaminated area with sterilized instruments

A

true

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5
Q

step 1- transport

A

transport instruments to the processing area using minimize the risk of exposure to others.
Use proper PPE

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6
Q

Step 2- cleaning

A

use of a hands-free process such as ultrasonic cleaner or instrument washer is recommended.
If instruments cant be cleaned right away keep them moist , or use some foam or spray for the blood

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7
Q

ultrasonic cleaner

A

used only to loosen and remove debris from instruments. DOES NOT disinfect or decrease microorganisms.

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8
Q

how to know the ultrasonic is good

A

put foil about 5x5 inches, run for 20 secs. If working properly foil should be evenly marked with a tiny pebbling effect

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9
Q

automated washer

A

use a combination of very hot water recirculation and detergents to remove organic material. And then are dried BUT still should be sterilized.

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10
Q

manual cleaning

A

soak until ready to clean. Hand scrubbing contaminated instruments with a stiff bristle brush. NOT RECOMMENDED

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11
Q

step 3 -packaging, each package of instruments must be labeled with

A

date, the sterilization load number, processors initials

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12
Q

step 4- sterilization

A

load sterilizer
do not overload, overlap pouches
packs should be allowed to dry inside before removing/handling
do not open the package until needed

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13
Q

step 3: packaging

A

instruments must be dry
assembled into trays
wrap in either pouches or poly bags
place proper indicators inside packs

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14
Q

what should each cassette or pack include

A 
external class 1 process indicator 
internal chemical indicator
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15
Q

each handpieace motor must

A

be lubricated daily and then purged

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16
Q

each handpiece must

A

be lubricated between each patient and then purged with air and water for 30 secs before sterilization

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17
Q

how are handpieces sterilized

A

sterilized by steam or chemical vapor

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18
Q

t/f: handpieces CAN withstand cleaning in ultrasonic cleaner or instrument washer

A

false, they cant

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19
Q

what are the different sterilization techniques

A 
steam sterilization (autoclave)
chemical vapor (chemiclave)
dry heat(dry heat oven)
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20
Q

what is the temperature, pressure, and time of the steam sterilizer (autoclave)

A

temp- 121 degrees, 250 F
pressure- 15 PSI
time- 3-30 mins

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21
Q

involves heating water to generate steam under pressure and produce a moist heat that rapidly kills organisms. Heat kills microorganisms not pressure

A

steam sterilizer (autoclave)

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22
Q

what is the temperature, pressure, and time of the chemical vapor ( chemiclave)

A

temp- 131 degrees, 270 F
pressure- 20 PSI
time- 20-40 mins

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23
Q

combination of chemicals to create a vapor does not rust, dull, or corrode dry metal instruments. A wide range of items can be sterilized routinely without damage

A

chemical vapor (chemiclave)

24
Q

operate by heating up air and transferring that heat from the air to the instruments.

A

Dry heat sterilizer

25
Q

what is the temperature of the dry heat sterilizer

A

160 -190 degrees, 320-375F

26
Q

similar to an oven, hot air rises, and static nonmoving air transfers to instruments 1-2 hrs

A

static air

27
Q

forced air

A

circulates hot air throughout the chamber at a high velocity of 6-12 mins.

28
Q

Perfomred at low temperatures, advantage for plastic and rubber items .

A

ethylene oxide sterilization

29
Q

how long does ethylene oxide sterilization require

A

4-12 hours and at least 16 hours after sterilization to remove gas molecules

30
Q

liquid sterilants

A

typically contain activated glutaraldehyde but instruments are immersed for 10 hours.

31
Q

flash sterilization

A

reprocessing loose instruments that aren’t in wraps, cassettes, must only be used in emergencies.

32
Q

t/f; flash sterilization must never be used for implantable items or devices

A

TRUE

33
Q

step 5 storage

A

store in a clean, dry environment, rotate packages so those with the oldest sterilization get used first

34
Q

wicking

A

when bacteria from the air or contaminated surfaces are drawn through the wet packaging material and contaminate the instruments inside

35
Q

step 6 delivery

A

inspect package before using

check chemical indicator to insure that the package has been sterilized

36
Q

mechanical monitoring

A

measure & record time, temp , pressure

37
Q

chemical monitoring

A

change in color when the physical parameter is reached

38
Q

biological monitoring (spore test)

A

use biological spores to assess the sterilization process directly

39
Q

process indicators

A

(external) placed outside the instrument packages before sterilization.
identify exposure to a certain temp

40
Q

process integrators

A

(internal) placed inside instrument packages.

Respond to temp, pressure, and time

41
Q

when do u have to do a bowie-dick test

A

if the clinic has a pre-vacuum(dynamic air removal) and every time it’s used

42
Q

chemical indicators

A

to detect sterilization failures that resulted from incorrect packaging, loading of sterilizer

43
Q

biologic monitoring

A

the only way to determine if sterilization has occurred

44
Q

t/f; if growth of the spores occurs the medium changes color

A

true

45
Q

if spores survive the sterilization cycle a positive culture =

A

sterilization failure

46
Q

if spores are killed a negative culture =

A

successful sterilization

47
Q

sterilization

A

destruction of all life forms

48
Q

disinfection

A

is the destruction of some but not all microorganisms

49
Q

vials or strips, also known as spore tests that contain harmless bacterial spores used to determine whether the sterilizer is operating

A

biologic indicators

50
Q

verifies sterilization by confirming that all spore-forming microorganisms are destroyed

A

biologic monitor

51
Q

an indicator that reacts to time, temp and presence of steam

A

single parameter indicator

52
Q

tapes, strips, and tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a certain temperature

A

multi- parameter indicator

53
Q

the ultrasonic cleaner works by

A

soundwaves

54
Q

2 examples of dry heat sterilization

A

static air, forced air

55
Q

best way to determine whether sterilization has occurred

A

use biologic monitoring

Dental assisting (57 decks)

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