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Dental assisting > chapter 13,14,17,19 > Flashcards

chapter 13,14,17,19 Flashcards

1
Q

study of disease of the oral cavity

A

oral pathology

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2
Q

the study of the cause of disease

A

etiology

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3
Q

idiopathic

A

the cause of the disease is unknown

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4
Q

lesion

A

abnormal tissues in the oral cavity

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5
Q

a malformation or a difference from the normal

A

abnormalities

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6
Q

sign

A

disease someone other than the patient can see

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7
Q

symptom

A

a disease that is observed by the patient, only you can feel

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8
Q

t/f; RDA are allowed to diagnose

A

false

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9
Q

t/f; inflammation is NOT a disease, it is the body defense to irritation or injury

A

true

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10
Q

acute inflammation

A

short-lasting, the immediate, and the localized protective response of the body to physical injury

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11
Q

chronic. inflammation

A

a long-lasting, slow ongoing process that may result in permanent tissue damage

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12
Q

four signs of inflammation

A

redness, swelling, pain, heat

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13
Q

periodontal disease

A

infectious disease and is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults

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14
Q

symptoms and signs of periodontal diease

A

red, swollen, tender gingiva. Bleeding gingiva while brushing. Pain or pressure while chewing

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15
Q

a tumor made up of remnants of dental lamina that failed to disintegrate after tooth buds were formed

A

ameloblastoma

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16
Q

supernumerary aka hperdontia

A

extra teeth above the normal amount. Can be in both primary and permanent dentition

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17
Q

MESIOdens

A

tooth located between the maxillary central incisors

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18
Q

anodontia aka hypodontia

occurs during initiation & proliferation

A

absence of teeth, often third molars, maxillary lateral incisors, and second premolars. Could be hereditary

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19
Q

abnormally large teeth

A

macrodontia

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20
Q

abnormally small teeth

A

microdontia

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21
Q

Hutchinson’s incisors

A

peg-shaped teeth usually affects the lateral incisors

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22
Q

fusion

A

joining together of the dentin and the enamel of two or more separate developing teeth. ( 2 roots 1 tooth)

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23
Q

gemination

A

an attempt by the tooth bud to divide . (2 teeth 1 root)

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24
Q

concrescence

A

union of two teeth joined at the cementum( maxillary incisors)

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25
Q

tooth within a tooth

A

dens-in-dentin, disturbance of maxillary incisors

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26
Q

dilaceration

A

crooked root, bend or curve, usually in the molars

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27
Q

amelogenesis imperfecta (hereditary)

A

enamel formation is incomplete or defective

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28
Q

has white flecking or spotting on enamel

A

minor fluorosis

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29
Q

has pitted or brown stain in enamel

A

major fluorosis

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30
Q

natal teeth

A

present at birth above the gum line, removed shortly after birth

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31
Q

neonatal teeth

A

erupt within the first 30 days of life, usually on lower incisors but will fall out because of lack of root formation.

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32
Q

normal wearing away of tooth structure during chewing, (grinding and clenching of teeth)

A

attrition

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33
Q

technical term for bruising

A

ecchymosis

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34
Q

a crater like defect in the mucosa ; produces by slouging of necrotic tissue

A

ulcer

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35
Q

exostosis (aka torus or tori)

A

benign bony growth projecting outwards

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36
Q

a closed sac that is lined with epithelium and contains a fluid or semi solid material

A

cyst

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37
Q

erosion

A

cheek biting. Shallow defect in the mucosa caused by a mechanical trauma

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38
Q

general term to describe inflammation and changes to the tongue

A

glossitis

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39
Q

causes by poor oral hygiene , antibiotics or radiation treatment

A

black hairy tongue

40
Q

nodule that contains granular tissue

A

granuloma

41
Q

Oral manifestations of bulimia include

A

Dry mouth, enlargement of parotid gland, decalcification of enamel

42
Q

CEMENToclasia (gone)

A

erosion/destruction of cementum

43
Q

hypercementosis

A

abnormal thickening of the cementum on the roots

44
Q

saliva is a fluid that provides

A

physical,chemical, antibacterial

45
Q

what are caries

A

scientific term for tooth decay or cavities

46
Q

Rampant caries

A

decay that develops rapidly and is widespread throughout the mouth

47
Q

root caries

A

decay on the root surface of teeth that have gingival recession

48
Q

secondary caries ( recurrent)

A

forms in tiny spaces between the tooth and the margins of a restoration

49
Q

dental caries is caused by which two bacterias

A

MS- mutans streptococci

LB-Lactobacilli

50
Q

Demineralization

A

loss of minerals from the tooth surface

51
Q

Remineralization

A

minerals replenished to the tooth surface

52
Q

Carious lesions develop in what two stages

A

Incipient caries (1st stage) - caries begins to demineralize enamel

Overt lesion (2nd stage) - development of cavity or hole

53
Q

T/f; pulpities can be reversible or irreversible

A

True

54
Q

Inflammation of dental pulp is

A

pulpities

55
Q

ankyloglossia ( tongue tie)

A

short lingual frenum that extends to the apex of the tongue . Limits movement of the tongue .

56
Q

localized collection of pus originating from an infection

A

abscess

57
Q

nodule

A

a small mass of tissue or aggregation of cells , up to 1 cm may be flat or raised .

58
Q

any mass of tissue that grows beyond the normal size and serves no useful purpose

A

tumours

59
Q

benign AKA

A

Non life threatening

60
Q

malignant AKA

A

life threatening

61
Q

local swelling of the skin that contains watery fluid and is caused by burning infection or irritation

A

blisters

62
Q

A small elevated pus-containing lesion of the skin

A

pustule

63
Q

petechiae ( bruising)

A

small reddish or purplish colored blotches or marks on the skin

64
Q

purpura (bruising)

A

purplish or reddish brown spots of discoloration caused by bleeding within underlying tissues

65
Q

white , thick patches on the oral mucosa , cannot be removed . Often on cheeks, gums , or tongue

A

lehkoplakia

66
Q

often appear as white patchy lesions of interconnecting lines called Wickham’s striae

A

lichen planus

67
Q

candidiasis ( Like a yeast infection)

A

caused by the fungus candidaalbicans most common oral fungal infection, but does not occur in the healthy people

68
Q

pseudomembrane means pertaining to

A

false membrane or tissue

69
Q

hyperplastic candidiasis (tongue)

A

appears as white plaques that cannot be removed by scraping . Most often found on the buccal mucosa

70
Q

Aphthous ulcers AKA canker sore

A

small oval shaped yellow color with a red margin . Can be caused by stress , injury to mouth .

71
Q

A condition which an inflammation is uncontrolled within a localized area

A

cellulitis

72
Q

surface of the tongue loses areas of the filiform papillae in irregularly shaped patterns

A

geographic tongue

73
Q

deep groves in the tongue that run front to back

A

fissured tongue

74
Q

t/f; Oral cancer is usually not painful in early stages so it frequently goes undetcted

A

True

75
Q

A malignant tumour that invloves the bone

A

osteosarcoma

76
Q

bells palsy

A

the paralysis of the facial nerve

77
Q

Trismus (locked jaw)

A

limits in movement which leads to pain in chewing , yawning or widely opening of the mouth

78
Q

periodontal disease can be caused by ..

A

dental plaque, calculus, malocclusions, certain medications

79
Q

what is the most common human disease

A

gingivitis

80
Q

T/F; there is NO tissue recession or loss of bone or connective tissue or associated with gingivitis

A

true

81
Q

t/f; gingiva usually never bleeds

A

false

82
Q

twinning

A

tooth bud division is complete. Results in the extra tooth. That tooth is usually a mirror image (or a twin)

83
Q

enamel hypoplasia

A

defect of the teeth in which the enamel is incomplete. Leaves teeth to damage and decay easily.

84
Q

during calcification, children ingest an excessive amount of ..

A

fluoride referred as “mottled enamel”

85
Q

enamel pearls

A

a small mass of dentin covered with enamel. Found usually between the roots (furcation area)

86
Q

Primary teeth in which the bone has fused to cementum and dentin. Prevents exfoliation of primary teeth and eruption of permanent teeth

A

ankylosis

87
Q

Abrasion

A

wearing away from tooth structure. Caused from aggressive tooth brushing or harsh toothpaste

88
Q

bruxism

A

involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth that damages booth tooth surface and periodontal ligaments

89
Q

impaction (wisdom teeth)

A

any tooth stays in the jaws longer than expected

90
Q

necrotic pulp

A

pulp is dead

91
Q

macrognathia

A

abnormally large jaw

92
Q

macrogenia

A

large chin

93
Q

micrognathia

A

abnormally small jaw

94
Q

microgenia

A

small chin

95
Q

torus palatinus

A

bony overgrowth in the midline of the hard palate

96
Q

torus mandibularis

A

bony overgrowth on the lingual surface of the mandible

97
Q

swelling or mass of blood collected in one area or organ

A

hematoma

Dental assisting (57 decks)

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