pain control in dentistry pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

temporarily anesthetize (numb) tiny nerve endings , reduces discomfort of dental injections & eliminates gag reflex , comes in liquid/ointment , gel and spray . Recommended time is 1-2 mins

A

topical anesthesia

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2
Q

produce loss of sensation to pain in a specific area of the body without loss of consciousness

A

local anesthetic

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3
Q

t/f the action of local anesthesia is reversed as the bloodstream carries away the solution

A

true

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4
Q

to slow down the uptake of an aesthetic agent into the bloodstream and increase the duration of action

A

vacoconstrictors in anesthetics

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5
Q

the smaller the ratio

A

the higher the percentage of vasoconstrictor

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6
Q

when should you not use the vasoconstrictor

A

pt with angina, bypass surgery, uncontrolled hypertension

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7
Q

what will determine where the topical anesthetic is placed and the type of injection that is done

A

the location and innervation of the tooth

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8
Q

placement of anesthetic in the proximity of a trunk nerve

A

block

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9
Q

placement of anesthetic solution to affect the small capillaries (not main trunk) . More common on maxilla

A

infiltration

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10
Q

where is local infiltration placed

A

directly in the area of treatment

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11
Q

where is the field block injected

A

near the larger terminal nerve ending of the apex

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12
Q

where is the nerve block injected

A

close to the main nerve trunk

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13
Q

where is the periodontal ligament injection placed

A

directly into the periodontal ligament and surrounding tissue

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14
Q

where is the intraosseous anesthesia placed

A

directly into the cancellous bone

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15
Q

where is the intrapulpal injection anesthetic placed

A

directly into the pulp chamber of roots of a tooth

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16
Q

short needle is how long and used where

A

1 inch, used for infiltration on the maxilla

17
Q

long needle is how long and used where

A

1 5/8 inch used for block on the mandible

18
Q

larger the gauge number

A

thinner the needle

19
Q

smaller the gauge

A

thicker the needle

20
Q

hallow centre of the needle through which the anesthetic solution comes out of

A

lumen

21
Q

t/f never use cartridge if it has been frozen. Large air bubble & extruded stopper would include that it has been frozen

A

true

22
Q

short acting LA=

A

approx 30 mins

23
Q

intermediate acting LA=

A

approx 60 mins

24
Q

long acting LA=

A

approx 90 mins

25
Q

maxillary injection techniques nerves involved

A

psa, msa, asa, infraorbital nerve, anterior greater palatine nerve , nasopalatine nerve

26
Q

psa, msa and asa placement

A

near the root apex, near the mucobuccal fold

27
Q

nasopalatine and anterior palatine placement

A

on palatal tissue 5-10 mm from free gingival margin

28
Q

anesthesia of one or two maxillary teeth and soft tissue

A

indications

29
Q

mandibular injection technique nerves involved

A

inferior alveolar and lingual nerve
mental and incisive nerve
buccal nerve

30
Q

inferior alveolar & lingual nerve block placement

A

depression distal to the retromolar area

31
Q

buccal nerve placement

A

distal back of the last molar in the arch

32
Q

mental &incisive nerve block placement

A

mental foramen between 4&5

33
Q

A condition in which numbness lasts after the effects of local anesthetic should have worn off

A

paresthesia (persistent anesthesia)

34
Q

how can paresthesia be caused

A

by hemorrhage (bleeding) into or around nerve sheath (covering)