pain control in dentistry pt 2 Flashcards
temporarily anesthetize (numb) tiny nerve endings , reduces discomfort of dental injections & eliminates gag reflex , comes in liquid/ointment , gel and spray . Recommended time is 1-2 mins
topical anesthesia
produce loss of sensation to pain in a specific area of the body without loss of consciousness
local anesthetic
t/f the action of local anesthesia is reversed as the bloodstream carries away the solution
true
to slow down the uptake of an aesthetic agent into the bloodstream and increase the duration of action
vacoconstrictors in anesthetics
the smaller the ratio
the higher the percentage of vasoconstrictor
when should you not use the vasoconstrictor
pt with angina, bypass surgery, uncontrolled hypertension
what will determine where the topical anesthetic is placed and the type of injection that is done
the location and innervation of the tooth
placement of anesthetic in the proximity of a trunk nerve
block
placement of anesthetic solution to affect the small capillaries (not main trunk) . More common on maxilla
infiltration
where is local infiltration placed
directly in the area of treatment
where is the field block injected
near the larger terminal nerve ending of the apex
where is the nerve block injected
close to the main nerve trunk
where is the periodontal ligament injection placed
directly into the periodontal ligament and surrounding tissue
where is the intraosseous anesthesia placed
directly into the cancellous bone
where is the intrapulpal injection anesthetic placed
directly into the pulp chamber of roots of a tooth
short needle is how long and used where
1 inch, used for infiltration on the maxilla
long needle is how long and used where
1 5/8 inch used for block on the mandible
larger the gauge number
thinner the needle
smaller the gauge
thicker the needle
hallow centre of the needle through which the anesthetic solution comes out of
lumen
t/f never use cartridge if it has been frozen. Large air bubble & extruded stopper would include that it has been frozen
true
short acting LA=
approx 30 mins
intermediate acting LA=
approx 60 mins
long acting LA=
approx 90 mins
maxillary injection techniques nerves involved
psa, msa, asa, infraorbital nerve, anterior greater palatine nerve , nasopalatine nerve
psa, msa and asa placement
near the root apex, near the mucobuccal fold
nasopalatine and anterior palatine placement
on palatal tissue 5-10 mm from free gingival margin
anesthesia of one or two maxillary teeth and soft tissue
indications
mandibular injection technique nerves involved
inferior alveolar and lingual nerve
mental and incisive nerve
buccal nerve
inferior alveolar & lingual nerve block placement
depression distal to the retromolar area
buccal nerve placement
distal back of the last molar in the arch
mental &incisive nerve block placement
mental foramen between 4&5
A condition in which numbness lasts after the effects of local anesthetic should have worn off
paresthesia (persistent anesthesia)
how can paresthesia be caused
by hemorrhage (bleeding) into or around nerve sheath (covering)
