Pharmacology

Question 1

What is against the law for a RDA

Answer 1

To phone in a prescription

Question 2

drug abuse oral characteristics

Answer 2

poor oral hygiene, diet high in cariogenic substances , may have xerstomia

Question 3

schedule I

Answer 3

no current medical usefulness
Have high potential for abuse
Normally CANNOT be prescribed
eg) marijuana

Question 4

Schedule II

Answer 4

high risk for abuse
Limited medical usefulness
Rx must be written and cannot be renewed
Eg) opium, morphine

Question 5

Scehdule III

Answer 5

Less abuse potential than drugs in scehdule I/ II
Have accepted medical usefulness
Rx may be renewed
eg) depressants, tylenol

Question 6

scehdule IV

Answer 6

Low abuse potenial
have accepted medical usefulness
RX may be renewed ( up to 5 in 6 months)
Eg) xanax

Question 7

Schedule V

Answer 7

lowest abuse potential
Have accepted medical usefulness
rx may be renewed
eg) cough medicine

Question 8

Stages of drug action- Absorption

Answer 8

Drug enters bloodstream

Question 9

Stages of Drug action- Distribution

Answer 9

drug attaches to proteins within the blood, released to take affect where its meant to act

Question 10

Stages of drug action- Metabolism

Answer 10

drug becomes metabolized

Question 11

stages of drug action- Excertion

Answer 11

drug leaves the body by way of kidneys, liver, saliva , sweat

Question 12

Oral route

Answer 12

taken by mouth in spray, liquid, tablet

Question 13

topical route

Answer 13

applied on the surface of mucosa or skin and absorbed

Question 14

transdermal route

Answer 14

through a patch that continuously releases quantity of medication through skin

Question 15

inhalation route

Answer 15

breathing gaseous substance through the mouth or inhaling through the nose

Question 16

sublingual route

Answer 16

placed under the tongue ( nitroglycerine)

Question 17

subcutaneous (sc)

Answer 17

injected directly UNDER the skin

Question 18

intradermal (ID)

Answer 18

injected into the skin at 10-15 degree angle

Question 19

intramuscular (IM)

Answer 19

injected into a muscle

Question 20

intravascular (IV)

Answer 20

injected into a vein/blood stream

Question 21

Drug administration routes - Enteral

Answer 21

drugs placed directly into the GI tract

Question 22

Drug administration routes- Parenteral

Answer 22

taken into the body other than GI tract ( injection)

Question 23

predmedication

Answer 23

prescribed before a procedure, night before

Question 24

inhibits the growth or destroys microorganisms and bacteria, helps prevent infection after surgery

Answer 24

antibiotics

Question 25

is the prescribing of an antibiotic to a patient to prevent bacterial colonization, recommended for patients with heart conditions, prosthetic heart valve, pacemakers, artificial joints

Answer 25

antibiotic prophylaxis

Question 26

secondary infection caused by an opportunistic pathogen, due to long term use of antibiotics

Answer 26

supra infections

Question 27

what is the most common antibiotic in dentistry and is a generic name for a group of antibiotics

Answer 27

penicillin

Question 28

broad spectrum antibiotics, active againist gram + and - bacteria, similar to penicillin

Answer 28

cephalosporins

Question 29

erythromycin

Answer 29

used as an alternative to penicillin for pt who have allergies

Question 30

what antibiotic causes permanent staining of developing teeth which occurs from second trimester of pregnancy to eight years of age

Answer 30

tetracycline

Question 31

what antibiotic becomes useless when taken with dairy/ food

Answer 31

tetracycline

Question 32

mild/slight staining

Answer 32

light brown, light yellow, or light grey stains

Question 33

moderate staining

Answer 33

darker deeper yellow or grey discolouration

Question 34

severe staining

Answer 34

dark brown, dark grey to blue and purple

Question 35

bacitracin

Answer 35

works by stopping growth of certain bacteria.( Topical ointments)

Question 36

an antibiotic used to control plaque bacteria and gingivitis in the mouth or in periodontal pockets, can be in the form of a mouth rinse or gelatine chip

Answer 36

chlorhexidine

Question 37

rampant and consistent use and abuse of antibiotics has caused what

Answer 37

superbugs

Question 38

what is nystatin used for

Answer 38

Candida albicans or thrush

Question 39

organic drugs

Answer 39

derived from living tissue such as plants/animals (marijuana)

Question 40

inorganic drugs

Answer 40

drugs made in the laboratory

Question 41

chemical name

Answer 41

chemical formula of a drug

Question 42

generic name

Answer 42

may be used by any company

less expensive

Question 43

brand name

Answer 43

controlled by business firms, always use capitals for first letter. (Tylenol)

Question 44

over the counter drugs (OTC)

Answer 44

Also known as patient medicines can be purchased without prescription

Question 45

prescription drugs

Answer 45

also known as ethical drugs, must be written order from a doctor

Question 46

if drugs were applied directly at the site of use it would be considered a

Answer 46

local action drugs

Question 47

if drug were taken internally, it would be considered a

Answer 47

systemic action drug

Question 48

slowest route of absorption is

Answer 48

oral route

Question 49

over the counter aka

Answer 49

patient medicine

Question 50

prescription drugs aka

Answer 50

ethical drugs