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Dental assisting > dental xray film processing > Flashcards

dental xray film processing Flashcards

1
Q

series of steps that produce visible permanent image on a dental radiograph

A

film processing

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2
Q

5 steps in manual film processing

A

development, rinsing, fixation, washing, drying

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3
Q

hydroquinone (developing agent)

A

builds contrast, brings out the black tones, temp sensitive

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4
Q

elon (developing agent)

A

brings out the image, generates the many shades of grey. Not temp sensitive

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5
Q

sodium sulfite (preservative)

A

prevents solution from oxidizing

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6
Q

sodium carbonate (accelerator)

A

serves as activator/accelerator

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7
Q

potassium bromide (restrainer)

A

controls/restrains developer. Inhibits fogging of the lighter areas

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8
Q

rinse (manual processing only)

A

to remove the developer from the film and stop the development process

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9
Q

fixer solution

A

remove the unexposed unenergized silver halide from the film emulsion

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10
Q

fixer solution 4 basic ingredients

A

sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite, potassium alum, acedticacid/sulfuric acid

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11
Q

sodium thiosulfate (fixing agent)

A

clears the film , dissolves unexposed, underdeveloped silver bromide

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12
Q

potassium alum (hardening agent)

A

hardens and shrinks the gelatine in the emulsion , protects film from scratches

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13
Q

sulfruic/acedic acid

A

neutralizes the alkaline developer remaining on the film

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14
Q

developer has

A

a basic PH level

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15
Q

fixer has

A

an acidic PH level

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16
Q

washing

A

removes all excess chemicals from the emulsion

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17
Q

drying (final step)

A

film must be completely dry before handling for mounting & viewing

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18
Q

darkroom

A

must be light tight, X-ray film is extremely sensitive to visible light , can cause fogging

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19
Q

safelights

A

provide adequate light so you can see what you are doing , have special filters that produce low-intensity lighting

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20
Q

safelights must be how far away

A

4 feet away and no more than 7 watts

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21
Q

orange

A

intraoral

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22
Q

red

A

intra/extra oral

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23
Q

optimum temp for development

A

68 degrees F

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24
Q

advantages for automatic processor

A

less time required, time/temp automatically controlled, less equipment, less space

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25
Q

made by directing a light source through the original film

A

duplicating film

26
Q

increase amount of time the light is on for a

A

lighter duplicate

27
Q

decrease the amount of time the light in on for

A

darker duplicate

28
Q

dark film (overdeveloped) results from

A

developer too hot

Too much time in the developer

29
Q

light film (underdeveloped) results from

A

developer too cold
not enough time in developer
contaminated developer

30
Q

pebbly or web like surface appearance of the film , results from sudden temp change

A

reticulation

31
Q

dark spots (developer contamination)

A

when developer solution comes in contact with the film before processing

32
Q

light spots (fixer contamination)

A

drops of fixer accidentally contact the film before processing

33
Q

yellowish brown stain

A

appear due to not properly washing after fixation

34
Q

failure to agitate the film as it is placed in a manual developer , appears radiopaque

A

air bubbles

35
Q

films are fed into automatic processor too quickly .results in dark areas on the film, may appear green/brown

A

films overlapped

36
Q

dark lines

A

automatic processor is not cleaned properly , rollers become dirty, black lines on film

37
Q

scratched film-white lines

A

occurs from incorrect handling and fingernails

38
Q

black crescent shaped artifact

A

fingernail artifact

39
Q

film is removed too quickly from either packet, box or cassette. Results in black lines, dots, tree branch patterns

A

static electricity

40
Q

accidental exposure to white light before developing

A

light leak

41
Q

image looks gray, lacking in detail and contrast, caused by leaks in darkroom, expired films, improper film storage

A

fogged film

42
Q

image appears stretched and distorted, may be bent due to curvature of pt mouth

A

bent film

43
Q

PID is misaligned and xray beam is not centered over the receptor

A

cone cut

44
Q

cardboard, plastic or vinyl holder that is used to support and arrange dental radiographs in anatomic order

A

film mount

45
Q

an opening on the outside of the processor housing used to insert unwrapped films into the automatic processor.

A

film feed slot

46
Q

encases all the component parts of the automatic processor.

A

processor housing

47
Q

t:f/ automatic processor requires dailyor weekly cleaning

A

true

48
Q

what film is used to clean the roller of the automatic processor

A

extra oral film

49
Q

t:f each week rollers must be removed then soaked for 10-20 mins

A

true

50
Q

black areas

A

created by deposists of black metallic silver

51
Q

white areas

A

result from removal of unexposed crystals

52
Q

purpose of fixer is to

A

remove unexposed, unenergized crystals from film emulsion

53
Q

4 basic ingredients

A

developing agent, preservative , accelerator, restrainer

54
Q

developing agents are

A

hydroquione , elon

55
Q

preservative

A

sodium sulfite

56
Q

accelerator

A

sodium carbonate

57
Q

restrainer

A

potassium bromide

58
Q

preservative does what

A

prevent developer solution from oxidizing in presence of air

59
Q

accelerator does what

A

softens gelatin of the film emulsion

60
Q

purpose of restrainer

A

control the developer and prevent it from developing unexposed crystals

61
Q

hardening agent chemical

A

potassium alum

62
Q

fixing agent chemicals

A

sodium thiosulfate , ammonium thiosulfate

Dental assisting (57 decks)

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