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Dental assisting > dental xray film processing > Flashcards

dental xray film processing Flashcards

1
Q

series of steps that produce visible permanent image on a dental radiograph

A

film processing

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2
Q

5 steps in manual film processing

A

development, rinsing, fixation, washing, drying

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3
Q

hydroquinone (developing agent)

A

builds contrast, brings out the black tones, temp sensitive

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4
Q

elon (developing agent)

A

brings out the image, generates the many shades of grey. Not temp sensitive

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5
Q

sodium sulfite (preservative)

A

prevents solution from oxidizing

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6
Q

sodium carbonate (accelerator)

A

serves as activator/accelerator

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7
Q

potassium bromide (restrainer)

A

controls/restrains developer. Inhibits fogging of the lighter areas

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8
Q

rinse (manual processing only)

A

to remove the developer from the film and stop the development process

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9
Q

fixer solution

A

remove the unexposed unenergized silver halide from the film emulsion

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10
Q

fixer solution 4 basic ingredients

A

sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite, potassium alum, acedticacid/sulfuric acid

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11
Q

sodium thiosulfate (fixing agent)

A

clears the film , dissolves unexposed, underdeveloped silver bromide

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12
Q

potassium alum (hardening agent)

A

hardens and shrinks the gelatine in the emulsion , protects film from scratches

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13
Q

sulfruic/acedic acid

A

neutralizes the alkaline developer remaining on the film

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14
Q

developer has

A

a basic PH level

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15
Q

fixer has

A

an acidic PH level

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16
Q

washing

A

removes all excess chemicals from the emulsion

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17
Q

drying (final step)

A

film must be completely dry before handling for mounting & viewing

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18
Q

darkroom

A

must be light tight, X-ray film is extremely sensitive to visible light , can cause fogging

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19
Q

safelights

A

provide adequate light so you can see what you are doing , have special filters that produce low-intensity lighting

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20
Q

safelights must be how far away

A

4 feet away and no more than 7 watts

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21
Q

orange

A

intraoral

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22
Q

red

A

intra/extra oral

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23
Q

optimum temp for development

A

68 degrees F

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24
Q

advantages for automatic processor

A

less time required, time/temp automatically controlled, less equipment, less space

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25
made by directing a light source through the original film
duplicating film
26
increase amount of time the light is on for a
lighter duplicate
27
decrease the amount of time the light in on for
darker duplicate
28
dark film (overdeveloped) results from
developer too hot | Too much time in the developer
29
light film (underdeveloped) results from
developer too cold not enough time in developer contaminated developer
30
pebbly or web like surface appearance of the film , results from sudden temp change
reticulation
31
dark spots (developer contamination)
when developer solution comes in contact with the film before processing
32
light spots (fixer contamination)
drops of fixer accidentally contact the film before processing
33
yellowish brown stain
appear due to not properly washing after fixation
34
failure to agitate the film as it is placed in a manual developer , appears radiopaque
air bubbles
35
films are fed into automatic processor too quickly .results in dark areas on the film, may appear green/brown
films overlapped
36
dark lines
automatic processor is not cleaned properly , rollers become dirty, black lines on film
37
scratched film-white lines
occurs from incorrect handling and fingernails
38
black crescent shaped artifact
fingernail artifact
39
film is removed too quickly from either packet, box or cassette. Results in black lines, dots, tree branch patterns
static electricity
40
accidental exposure to white light before developing
light leak
41
image looks gray, lacking in detail and contrast, caused by leaks in darkroom, expired films, improper film storage
fogged film
42
image appears stretched and distorted, may be bent due to curvature of pt mouth
bent film
43
PID is misaligned and xray beam is not centered over the receptor
cone cut
44
cardboard, plastic or vinyl holder that is used to support and arrange dental radiographs in anatomic order
film mount
45
an opening on the outside of the processor housing used to insert unwrapped films into the automatic processor.
film feed slot
46
encases all the component parts of the automatic processor.
processor housing
47
t:f/ automatic processor requires dailyor weekly cleaning
true
48
what film is used to clean the roller of the automatic processor
extra oral film
49
t:f each week rollers must be removed then soaked for 10-20 mins
true
50
black areas
created by deposists of black metallic silver
51
white areas
result from removal of unexposed crystals
52
purpose of fixer is to
remove unexposed, unenergized crystals from film emulsion
53
4 basic ingredients
developing agent, preservative , accelerator, restrainer
54
developing agents are
hydroquione , elon
55
preservative
sodium sulfite
56
accelerator
sodium carbonate
57
restrainer
potassium bromide
58
preservative does what
prevent developer solution from oxidizing in presence of air
59
accelerator does what
softens gelatin of the film emulsion
60
purpose of restrainer
control the developer and prevent it from developing unexposed crystals
61
hardening agent chemical
potassium alum
62
fixing agent chemicals
sodium thiosulfate , ammonium thiosulfate

Dental assisting (57 decks)

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